Legal system of modern states

Majority electoral systems. The majority electoral system is based on a system of personal representation in power. A specific person is always nominated as a candidate for an elected office in the majority system. The mechanism for nominating candidates may vary: in some countries, self-nomination is permitted along with the nomination of candidates from political parties or public associations, in others, candidates may be nominated only by political parties. In any case, however, in a majoritarian constituency, candidates are nominated on a personal basis...

It is obvious to everyone that elections are not just a technical procedure of formation of certain bodies by means of voting, but first of all it is a very complicated political process involving various groups and layers of society, political parties and other public associations. It is at the elections that political and economic interests of individuals and different clans clash. Democratic elections allow citizens to elect and displace public figures, to influence the composition of ruling...

Civil society is a concept for a type of society, which is characterized by the fact that: 1. It is an association of free individuals 2. individuals are able to solve all their private problems independently 3. Its social relations are legal in nature Theoretical approaches to identifying the essence of civil society: 1)J. Locke, considering the civil society, recognized the state only for the scope of powers, which was sanctioned by the social contract between citizens 2) S. L. Montesquieu, J...

Political development is about increasing the ability of the political system to continuously and effectively adapt to new patterns of social goals and to create new institutions that provide channels for dialogue between government and the population. The problems of political development are being developed within the framework of the sociology of development. Its methodological basis is laid down by the concepts of F. Tennis, M. Weber, and T. Parsons. Supporters of this direction considered...

Political process - a set of all dynamic changes in the behavior and relations of subjects, in the performance of their roles, the functioning of institutions, in all other elements of the political space, carried out under the influence of external and internal factors. Supporters of the institutional approach connect the political process with the functioning and transformation of power institutions (S. Huntington). Representatives of the second, behavioral approach, consider individual individuals or groups of people as subjects of policy...