{"draftJsState":{"blocks":[{"data":{"image":{"id":"62711b4dffb81e7415a81d0a"}},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":"","type":"atomic:image","key":"41b5u"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":"Nginx Server Blocks позволяют запускать более одного вебсайта на одной машине. Используя Server Blocks, можно указать главный сайт, создать различные условия и настройки, а так же использовать разные SSL сертификаты для каждого сайта отдельно.","type":"unstyled","key":"1n7n2"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":"В этой статье мы научимся настраивать Nginx server blocks в Ubuntu.","type":"unstyled","key":"e0eb7"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":"Предусловия","type":"header-three","key":"askd3"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":"Перед тем как приступить, убедитесь что все условия соблюдены:","type":"unstyled","key":"bttcp"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":"1. Ваш домен указывает на публичный IP вашего сервера;","type":"unstyled","key":"9e4k8"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":"2. Установлен nginx;","type":"unstyled","key":"95mup"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":"3. Вы вошли в систему как root пользователь.","type":"unstyled","key":"ajdhf"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":"Создание директорий","type":"header-three","key":"dmer8"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[{"length":9,"offset":98,"style":"BOLD"}],"text":"Корневая директория сайта, в которой будут находиться все файлы сайта, должна лежать в корне пути /var/www/","type":"unstyled","key":"464f4"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":"Структура будет выглядеть следующим образом:","type":"unstyled","key":"1r6pq"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[{"length":11,"offset":14,"style":"ITALIC"},{"length":12,"offset":50,"style":"ITALIC"},{"length":12,"offset":87,"style":"ITALIC"}],"text":"/var/www/\n├── example.com\n│ └── public_html\n├── example2.com\n│ └── public_html\n├── example3.com\n│ └── public_html","type":"unstyled","key":"9rga9"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[{"length":8,"offset":53,"style":"BOLD"},{"length":11,"offset":213,"style":"BOLD"}],"text":"Мы создадим отдельные директории для каждого сайта в /var/www, названия могут быть какими угодно, но для удобства лучше назвать их так как и сам домен. Каждая из этих директорий должна содержать папку с названием public_html, это как раз и будет та директория, в которой будут хоститься файлы сайта.","type":"unstyled","key":"73ea8"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[{"length":11,"offset":49,"style":"BOLD"}],"text":"Начнем с создания корневой директории для домена example.com","type":"unstyled","key":"9e0fg"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":"sudo mkdir -p /var/www/example.com/public_html","type":"blockquote","key":"3qmpl"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[{"length":10,"offset":14,"style":"BOLD"}],"text":"Далее создаем index.html","type":"unstyled","key":"3ncbt"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":"sudo nano /var/www/example.com/public_html/index.html","type":"blockquote","key":"485qo"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[{"length":10,"offset":10,"style":"BOLD"}],"text":"Открываем index.html и добавляем следующие строки","type":"unstyled","key":"4v0pg"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":"","type":"blockquote","key":"42m5i"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":"","type":"blockquote","key":"c2eq4"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":" ","type":"blockquote","key":"do0n1"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":" ","type":"blockquote","key":"18cpr"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":" Welcome to example.com","type":"blockquote","key":"8f87u"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":" ","type":"blockquote","key":"edst5"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":" ","type":"blockquote","key":"b3b3q"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":"

Success! example.com home page!

","type":"blockquote","key":"eg2j7"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":" ","type":"blockquote","key":"8n8t"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":"","type":"blockquote","key":"c8u25"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":"Для того что бы избежать проблем с доступами, необходимо дать права на директории пользователю Nginx:","type":"unstyled","key":"51vtu"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[{"length":11,"offset":33,"style":"ITALIC"}],"text":"sudo chown -R www-data: /var/www/example.com","type":"blockquote","key":"6eal0"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":"Создание Server Block","type":"header-three","key":"47dua"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[{"length":26,"offset":72,"style":"BOLD"},{"length":24,"offset":146,"style":"BOLD"}],"text":"Поумолчанию в Ubuntu файлы конфигурации Nginx server blocks находятся в /etc/nginx/sites-available, которые связываются символичискими ссылками с /etc/nginx/sites-enabled.","type":"unstyled","key":"dbc9g"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":"Создаём новый файл конфигурации:","type":"unstyled","key":"ftmd"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":"sudo vi /etc/nginx/sites-available/example.com.conf","type":"blockquote","key":"2qrcr"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":"Добавляем следующие строки:","type":"unstyled","key":"32n1v"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":"server {","type":"blockquote","key":"d3j30"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":" listen 80;","type":"blockquote","key":"9fjup"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":" listen [::]:80;","type":"blockquote","key":"cf1q6"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":" root /var/www/example.com/public_html;","type":"blockquote","key":"ebl8t"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":" index index.html;","type":"blockquote","key":"6cqij"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":" server_name example.com www.example.com;","type":"blockquote","key":"c49ri"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":" access_log /var/log/nginx/example.com.access.log;","type":"blockquote","key":"5ktd6"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":" error_log /var/log/nginx/example.com.error.log;","type":"blockquote","key":"frijr"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":" location / {","type":"blockquote","key":"5bc31"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":" try_files $uri $uri/ =404;","type":"blockquote","key":"4ca1o"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":" }","type":"blockquote","key":"b929j"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":"}","type":"blockquote","key":"dg6pf"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":"Файлы конфигурации можно называть любым именем, но лучше всего называть так же как и домен.","type":"unstyled","key":"f54je"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[{"length":13,"offset":31,"style":"BOLD"}],"text":"Создаём символическую ссылку в sites-enabled:","type":"unstyled","key":"9dj4d"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":"sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/example.com.conf /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/","type":"blockquote","key":"ea0ar"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":"Проверяем файл конфигурации Nginx на синтаксические ошибки:","type":"unstyled","key":"ekog3"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":"sudo nginx -t","type":"blockquote","key":"dcl5l"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":"Если ошибок нет, то должно появиться такое сообщение:","type":"unstyled","key":"9kdbo"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":"nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok","type":"blockquote","key":"64ufs"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":"nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful","type":"blockquote","key":"2e55n"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":"Теперь осталось перезагрузить Nginx:","type":"unstyled","key":"i5jk"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":"sudo systemctl restart nginx","type":"blockquote","key":"2koos"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":"Всё готово, ваш сайт должен быть доступен по домену который вы использовали при настройке сайта.","type":"unstyled","key":"7u3ph"},{"data":{},"depth":0,"entityRanges":[],"inlineStyleRanges":[],"text":"","type":"marker","key":"PbUX9aKQYLv6Uf0MjpPr"}],"entityMap":{}},"mentions":[]}