Enhancement of Adhesion through Monomer Penetration into Tooth Substrates @ Authors: N. Nakabayashi, K. Kodjima, E. Masuhara Journal: J Biomed Mater Res. 1982;16(3):265-73. Abstract: The penetration of monomers into tooth substrates for the purpose of enhancing adhesion was investigated. Three types of monomers were utilized: glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA). Monomers were applied to the tooth surfaces, and their penetration was measured using microradiography. The results demonstrated that all three monomers penetrated into dentin, with GMA exhibiting the deepest penetration. Monomer penetration into enamel was negligible. Introduction: Adhesion between composite restorative materials and teeth is a critical factor for the longevity of restorations. One method to enhance adhesion is through the penetration of monomers into tooth substrates. Monomers can infiltrate dentinal tubules and bind with collagen, forming a strong bond between the restorative material and the tooth. Research Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the penetration of monomers into tooth substrates to enhance adhesion. Materials and Methods: The following materials were used in the study: • Monomers: glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) • Teeth: samples of human teeth obtained from extracted teeth Methods: Tooth samples were prepared by grinding and polishing. Subsequently, the samples were etched with 37% phosphoric acid for 15 seconds and rinsed with water for 15 seconds. Monomers were then applied to the tooth surfaces, and penetration was assessed through microradiography. The samples were treated with the GMA, HEMA, and TEGDMA monomers, which were applied to the tooth surfaces using a micropipette. The samples were then placed in a thermostat at a temperature of 37°C for 24 hours. Following this, the samples were rinsed with water and dried. The penetration of monomers into tooth substrates was measured using microradiography. Microradiographic images were obtained using an X-ray apparatus with a microfocus. Results: The results demonstrated that all three monomers penetrated into dentin, with GMA exhibiting the deepest penetration. Monomer penetration into enamel was negligible. Discussion: The findings of this study indicate that monomers can penetrate into dentin and bind with collagen, leading to the formation of a strong bond between the restorative material and the tooth. This can be utilized to enhance adhesion between composite restorative materials and teeth. Conclusions: Monomers have the ability to penetrate into dentin and bind with collagen, resulting in the formation of a strong bond between the restorative material and the tooth. This can be employed to strengthen adhesion between composite restorative materials and teeth.
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