Easy Linguistics

Collection and informativeness are the essential properties of a language sign, which are the basis of its most important function along with the communicative - the cumulative function. Language in this function is a link between generations, a "repository" and a means of communicating outside-language collective experience. The most vividly cumulative function is manifested in the field of vocabulary, as it is directly related to the objects and phenomena surrounding reality. The lexical system is more conditioned by the phenomena of the material world and social factors...

One of the central directions of linguistic research of social and cultural condition of language is linguistic and country studies. Linguistic country studies can be defined as studying the culture of a country in parallel with the study of the language itself. The subject of linguocountry studies is culture as expressed in the language under study. On the one hand, this direction was formed under the influence of the solved problem of the correlation between language and culture, and on the other...

The idea of linking culture and language dates back to the 18th century, but it was not until the end of the last century that this problem began to be studied. These studies were more declarative in nature, and until the early 1970s, neither Russian (then Soviet), nor foreign linguistics had enough in-depth and detailed studies on this topic. However, over the past two decades, the number of works testifying to the interest and aspiration of linguists to study linguistic phenomena in a broad extra-linguistic context has grown considerably...