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Text attribution: theory and practice
Is it possible to determine the authorship of a literary text? Yes, and above all with the help of archival sources - historical documents. If it is necessary to find out to whom this or that article belongs, which can be under a pseudonym or not signed in principle, researchers look for the payroll in archives. Whichever name a person has given under the article, he or she has received money under his or her own name for it. So we can understand whether it was Pisarev or Chernyshevsky, Dostoevsky or Goncharov...
6 лет назад
How are nanoparticles used in medicine?
What is a nanoparticle? According to the definition of metrologists, the size of a nano-object should be less than 100 nanometres. One of the paradoxical examples is the bubble. In fact, it is also a nano-object: when we inflate a bubble, it changes color and its walls become almost invisible. As has been proven by optical scientists, at this point its wall thickness is less than 100 nanometres, and thus it is nanoscale. However, scientists in the life sciences are much more likely to deal with nanoparticles in the form of round or elongated balls...
6 лет назад
Thermoelectric materials
In the middle of the XIX century two very important discoveries were made. They were made by scientists, whose names these laws are called today. One was Thomas Zeebeck and the other was Jean Peltier. They discovered the same phenomenon that can be called reciprocal. One of them discovered that the application of potential differences causes temperature changes. Another discovered that the application of a temperature gradient causes a potential difference. Today we call these effects the laws of Peltier and Zeebeck...
6 лет назад
Polymers in medicine
Polymer science began its development and emerged as an independent field of knowledge in the mid-1950s. In Greek, polymer means "many parts". In other words, it is a substance in which several links-monomers are combined into one macromolecule. The nature of this material can be diverse, so its application will also be diverse. Two large groups of polymeric materials can be distinguished: synthetic and natural. Synthetic polymers are produced by chemical reactions. There are two main mechanisms for obtaining polymers: the polycondensation reaction and the polypropylene addition reaction...
6 лет назад
Artificial light sources
Today we'll talk about artificial light sources. They were invented by people to illuminate spaces where the sun is not present or when it has gone away. In order to understand what characteristics are important for artificial light sources, we need to consider the spectrum of the Sun. The Sun is a highly red-hot body that emits a continuous spectrum over a wide spectral range. In this case, its energy is mainly spent on heat, heating. Only the part of the spectral range that our eye can see is used for lighting...
6 лет назад
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