☕️ Урок 19
☝️Когда используем Past Continuous❓️
1. Действие было в процессе в определённый момент в прошлом:
- I was reading at 8 PM yesterday — Я читал вчера в 8 вечера (был в процессе чтения)
- She was cooking when I came home — Она готовила, когда я пришёл домой
- What were you doing at 5 o'clock? — Что ты делал в 5 часов?
- They were sleeping at midnight — Они спали в полночь
2. Два длительных действия происходили одновременно в прошлом:
- While I was reading, she was watching TV — Пока я читал, она смотрела телевизор
- He was cooking dinner while his wife was working — Он готовил ужин, пока его жена работала
- The children were playing while their parents were talking — Дети играли, пока родители разговаривали
3. Длительное действие было прервано коротким (Past Simple прерывает Past Continuous):
- I was walking in the park when it started to rain — Я гулял в парке, когда начался дождь
- She was taking a shower when the phone rang — Она принимала душ, когда зазвонил телефон
- We were having dinner when the guests arrived — Мы ужинали, когда прибыли гости
- He was driving home when he saw an accident — Он ехал домой, когда увидел аварию
4. Создание атмосферы, описание фона (в рассказах, историях):
- The sun was shining, birds were singing, and people were walking in the park — Солнце светило, птицы пели, и люди гуляли в парке
- It was raining heavily. The wind was blowing — Шёл сильный дождь. Ветер дул
5. Раздражающая привычка в прошлом (с always):
- He was always losing his keys! — Он вечно терял свои ключи! (в прошлом, раздражало)
- She was constantly complaining — Она постоянно жаловалась
☝️Как образуется Past Continuous❓️
Формула:
was/were + глагол**-ing**
Утвердительная форма:
I/He/She/It + was + глагол-ing
- I was working — Я работал (был в процессе)
- He was sleeping — Он спал
- She was cooking — Она готовила
- It was raining — Шёл дождь
You/We/They + were + глагол-ing
- You were working — Ты работал / Вы работали
- We were studying — Мы учились
- They were playing — Они играли
ℹ️ Примеры:
- I was reading a book at 7 PM
- She was watching TV when I called
- They were living in London last year
❗️Правила добавления -ing👈
(Те же правила, что и в Present Continuous!)
1. Обычно просто добавляем -ing:
- work → working
- play → playing
- read → reading
2. Если глагол заканчивается на немую -e, убираем её:
- make → making
- write → writing
- come → coming
3. Короткий глагол (1 слог): согласная + гласная + согласная — удваиваем последнюю:
- run → running
- swim → swimming
- sit → sitting
❗️☝️НО! Не удваиваем w, x, y:
- show → showing
4. Если глагол заканчивается на -ie, меняем на -y:
- lie → lying
- die → dying
⚡️Отрицательная форма:👈
was/were + not + глагол-ing
- I was not (wasn't) working — Я не работал
- He was not (wasn't) sleeping — Он не спал
- They were not (weren't) playing — Они не играли
☝️Сокращения:
- was not = wasn't
- were not = weren't
Примеры:
- I wasn't listening
- She wasn't cooking
- They weren't watching TV
☝️❓️Вопросительная форма:
Was/Were + подлежащее + глагол-ing?
- Was I working? — Я работал?
- Was he sleeping? — Он спал?
- Were you listening? — Ты слушал?
- Were they coming? — Они шли?
Краткие ответы:
- Were you working? — Yes, I was / No, I wasn't
- Was she cooking? — Yes, she was / No, she wasn't
- Were they playing? — Yes, they were / No, they weren't
❗️☝️Слова-маркеры Past Continuous
Эти слова часто используются с Past Continuous:
- at ... o'clock yesterday — вчера в ... часов
- at that moment — в тот момент
- at that time — в то время
- when — когда (с Past Simple)
- while — пока, в то время как
- as — когда, в то время как
- all day yesterday — весь вчерашний день
- all morning/evening — всё утро/вечер
- from ... to ... — с ... до ...
Примеры:
- I was sleeping at 10 PM
- When you called, I was cooking
- While she was reading, I was working
- He was studying all day yesterday
- We were working from 9 to 5
Past Simple VS Past Continuous
❗️☝️Это очень важно понимать❗️
Комбинация Past Simple + Past Continuous:
Схема: Past Continuous (длительное) + when + Past Simple (короткое)
- I was walking (длительное) when it started to rain (короткое)
- She was sleeping (длительное) when the alarm went off (короткое)
- We were having dinner (длительное) when someone knocked on the door (короткое)
❗️Важно: Длительное действие = Past Continuous
Короткое прерывающее = Past Simple
Сравните:
- When I came home, she was cooking — Когда я пришёл (короткое), она готовила (длительное, уже в процессе)
- When I came home, she cooked dinner — Когда я пришёл (первое), она приготовила ужин (второе, после)
☝️WHILE (в то время как)
While используется, когда два действия происходят одновременно:
Оба действия длительные = оба Past Continuous:
- While I was reading, she was watching TV
- While he was cooking, I was cleaning
Одно длительное, одно короткое:
- While I was sleeping, someone called (Past Simple)
- He fell (Past Simple) while he was running (Past Continuous)
❗️☝️Глаголы состояния (State Verbs)
Так же, как в Present Continuous, некоторые глаголы НЕ используются в Past Continuous!
❗️Глаголы, которые обычно не используются в Continuous:
Чувства и восприятие:
- see, hear, smell, taste
- ❌ I was seeing (неправильно)
- ✅ I saw (правильно)
Мысли и мнения:
- know, understand, believe, think (в значении "считать"), remember, forget, want, need
- ❌ I was knowing (неправильно)
- ✅ I knew (правильно)
Эмоции:
- love, hate, like, prefer
- ❌ I was loving (неправильно)
- ✅ I loved (правильно)
Обладание:
- have (в значении "иметь"), own, belong
- ❌ I was having a car (неправильно)
- ✅ I had a car (правильно)
❗️НО! Если значение меняется:
- I had a car (владел) — нельзя в Continuous
- I was having dinner (ужинал) — можно! ✅
ℹ️ Примеры в контексте👈
Рассказ о прошлом:
- Yesterday at 8 PM I was sitting at home. I was watching a movie when my friend called. We were talking for an hour. While we were talking, it started to rain.
Перевод:
- Вчера в 8 вечера я сидел дома. Я смотрел фильм, когда позвонил мой друг. Мы разговаривали час. Пока мы разговаривали, начался дождь.
Описание сцены:
- It was a beautiful day. The sun was shining. Children were playing in the park. People were walking their dogs.
Перевод:
- Был прекрасный день. Светило солнце. Дети играли в парке. Люди выгуливали собак.
Прерванное действие:
- I was taking a shower when the doorbell rang — Я принимал душ, когда зазвонил звонок
- She was driving to work when she saw an accident — Она ехала на работу, когда увидела аварию
☝️Типичные ошибки👈
❌ I was work → ✅ I was working (нужно -ing!)
❌ She working → ✅ She was working (нужен was/were!)
❌ They was playing → ✅ They were playing (were, не was!)
❌ I was knowing → ✅ I knew (глагол состояния!)
❌ When I came, she cooked → ✅ When I came, she was cooking (она уже готовила)
❌ While I read, he watched TV → ✅ While I was reading, he was watching TV
❌ I was runing → ✅ I was running (удваиваем n!)
🔏Практика👈
Попробуйте перевести:
- Я читал книгу в 7 вечера вчера
- Она не слушала музыку
- Ты работал, когда я позвонил?
- Они играли в футбол весь день
- Пока я готовил, она смотрела телевизор
- Шёл дождь, когда мы вышли
- Что ты делал в 5 часов?
- Мы жили в Лондоне в прошлом году
Ответы:
- I was reading a book at 7 PM yesterday
- She wasn't listening to music / She was not listening to music
- Were you working when I called?
- They were playing football all day
- While I was cooking, she was watching TV
- It was raining when we left
- What were you doing at 5 o'clock?
- We were living in London last year
Сравнение Continuous времён
Теперь вы знаете все, что необходимо о Past Continuous 🎉
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