Watch the video ‘Accommodations and modifications for students with disabilities’.
a) In the video, parents interact with teachers on behalf of their children. What is your reaction to the parents’ role in thisvideo? Does this interaction between parent and teacher happen in your school district?
b) In the video, students sit around a table. Do you prefer to teach in a classroom where students sit around a table or do youprefer to teach in a classroom with rows of desks? Analyze the reasons and implications of your preference.
Intrinsic motivation is the desire to learn or obtain something that relates primarily to intangible value. For example, new competences,self-confidence, satisfaction from achieved results, self-actualisation (Dev, 1997).
If a person is motivated, he or she is energetic, persistent, adaptive, and committed to a certain goal.
When are we sure that motivation is qualitative, positive, optimal? It is a state of flow - a situation where the activity is interesting,enjoyable or engaging in itself. The author of this term Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi (Mckoy & Diamond, n.d.) described the flow state as adeep immersion in the activity, in which a person spends a lot of energy, but does not feel the effort at all and forgets about time andhimself. At the same time, there is a feeling that everything is working out and the activity itself brings vivid and intense pleasure.
There are many different situations in life when a state of flow occurs - hobbies, sports, games, work. These situations have severalconditions in common:
clear goals: I know what is needed and how to achieve it;
feedback: I can see if the actions are successful;
a sense of control: I know that success is possible and that I can achieve it;
the level of difficulty is optimal in relation to my abilities: not prohibitively difficult, but not so easy that it becomes boring.
The most popular theory of motivation in modern psychology is the self-determination theory proposed by Richard Ryan and EdwardDesi (O'Hara, 2017). They brought to academic psychology the ideas of humanistic philosophy that human beings strive for freedom inorder to be happy. Part of their theory is the continuum model of relative autonomy of motivation.
One of the important discoveries in the theory of self-determination is that motivation can be controlled by creating conditions for theformation of more autonomous forms. And we need to move here from two sides.
On the one hand, the development of intrinsic motivation depends on the environment in which we find ourselves. More precisely, onwhether three basic psychological needs of a person are satisfied in it:
autonomy
- the need to act independently, to act in accordance with what you personally think is right in a given situation;
competence
- the need to experience success, to feel that your actions lead to the desired results;
connectedness
- the need to feel close to the people around you, to feel that you care about each other, that your relationship is notformal.
On the other hand, if the environment is unfavourable for the satisfaction of basic needs, a person can still work with his or her ownmotivation in the process of reflection, searching for the meaning of his or her activity.
Self-determination theory suggests acting in a similar way - asking why and why I am doing this. And if it is something I do for externalreasons - do I agree to do it? And this question gives a sense of choice. We can either refuse to do an activity that doesn't make sense tous, or we can make a decision and say, ‘This may not be very interesting, but there are reasons why I'm choosing to do this.’ And thenexternalised, controlled motivation changes to identified, autonomous motivation.
There is a teenage girl in the class, Samantha, with adolescent hip dysplasia. Adolescent hip dysplasia is a condition caused by anabnormal formation of the joint structure, which causes the articulation of the socket and articular head to misalign. The danger of hipdysplasia in children is in the violation of the normal function of the joint, degenerative changes in cartilage tissue with subsequentdevelopment into osteoarthritis. Since the diagnosis of anomaly in infants does not always give results, and its manifestations appearonly in adolescence. But if hip dysplasia begins to progress, it is accompanied by unpleasant symptoms that require investigation andtreatment.
Samantha has surgery ahead of her - repositioning the bone so that it can continue to fuse properly. All these external factors distractSamantha from her studies and create a depressive mood, so it is necessary to help her maintain her inner motivation and optimisticattitude.
Firstly, create an environment where Samantha does not strain her legs when performing tasks, or is able to stand up or change herposture if she needs to.
Second, maintain intrinsic motivation through positive feedback about her performance, capabilities and intelligence. Sincerely thank herfor her successes and express joy and hope that Samantha has a bright future ahead of her.
Thirdly, set clear and understandable criteria for a 100 per cent result. So that the amount of work that needs to be done can bedetermined in advance, breaking the process down into steps and having fun and experience. The result should always be recorded withwritten feedback or a personalised certificate.
References
Dev, P. (1997). Intrinsic motivation and academic achievement what does their relationship imply for the classroom teacher?. Remedialand special education, 18(1), 12-19.
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/f364/a526307f73cbf8bbc44622d22449dcd5a406.pdf
Mckoy, S., & Diamond, A. (n.d.). Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi | Overview & Flow Theory [Review of Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi | Overview & FlowTheory]. Study.com. Retrieved September 24, 2024, from
https://study.com/academy/lesson/mihaly-csikszentmihalyi-flow-theory-works.html#:~:text=motivation%2C%20and%20responsibility.-,Csikszentmihalyi%20is%20credited%20with%20developing%20the%20flow
O’Hara, D. (2017, December 18). The intrinsic motivation of Richard Ryan and Edward Deci. American Psychological Association.