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В английском языке есть несколько глаголов, которые выполняют в предложении двойную роль: смыслового глагола и вспомогательного глагола. Рассмотрим их ниже.
Глагол To be переводиться как «быть». Давайте рассмотрим его употребление во временах Present, Past and Future Simple.
Present Simple to be
am is are
E.g.: + I am a pupil. 1-е лицо (I)
Bob is a pupil. 3-е лицо (he, she, it)
They are pupils. 2-е лицо (we, you, they)
- I am not a pupil.
Bob is not a pupil.
They are not pupils.
? Am I a pupil?
Is Bob a pupil?
Are they pupils?
Past Simple to be (был, была, были)
was were
E.g.: + I was a pupil 10 years ago. 1-е лицо (I)
Bob was a pupil 10 years ago 3-е лицо (he, she, it)
They were pupils 10 years ago. 2-е лицо (we, you, they
- I was not a pupil 10 years ago.
Bob was not a pupil 10 years ago.
They were not pupils 10 years ago.
? Was I a pupil?
Was Bob a pupil?
Were they pupils?
Future Simple will be
E.g.: + I will be a pupil next year. 1-е лицо (I)
Bob will be a pupil next year 3-е лицо (he, she, it)
They will be pupils next year 2-е лицо (we, you, they)
- I won`t (will+not)be a pupil next year.
Bob won`t be a pupil next year.
They won`t be pupils next year.
? Will I be a pupil?
Will Bob be a pupil?
Will they be pupils?
Теперь рассмотрим глагол to have – «иметь». В британском варианте английского языка вместо have часто используется have got / has got, при этом значение глагола не меняется.
To have
Present Simple
has (для he, she, it)
E.g.: + I have a book.
Bob has a book.
Mary and Jane have a book.
- I don`t have a book.
Bob doesn`t have a book.
Mary and Jane don`t have a book.
? Do I have a book?
Does Bob have a book?
Do Mary and Jane have a book?
Past Simple to have
Had
E.g.: + I had a book yesterday.
Bob had a book yesterday.
Mary and Jane had books yesterday.
- I didn`t have a book yesterday.
Bob didn`t have a book yesterday.
Mary and Jane didn`t have books yesterday.
Future Simple will have
E.g.: + I will have a book.
Bob will have a book.
Mary and Jane will have a book.
- I won`t have a book.
Bob won`t have a book.
Mary and Jane won`t have a book.
? Will I have a book?
Will Bob have a book?
Will Mary and Jane have a book?
Теперь рассмотрим глагол to do – «делать»
Present Simple to do
does (для 3 лица ед. числа)
E.g.: + I do my morning exercises every day.
Bob does his morning exercises every day.
Mary and Jane do their morning exercises every day.
- I don`t do my morning exercises every day.
Bob doesn`t do his morning exercises every day.
They don`t do their morning exercises every day.
? Do I do my morning exercises every day?
Does Bob do his morning exercises every day?
Do Mary and Jane do their morning exercises every day?
Past Simple to do
did
E.g.: + I did my morning exercises yesterday.
Bob did his morning exercises yesterday.
Mary and Jane did their morning exercises yesterday.
- I didn`t do my morning exercises yesterday.
Bob didn`t do his morning exercises yesterday.
They didn`t do their morning exercises yesterday.
? Did I do my morning exercises yesterday?
Did Bob do his morning exercises yesterday?
Did Mary and Jane do their morning exercises yesterday?
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