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Problem, Issue или Trouble - когда что употреблять?

2 июля 20212 июл 2021

162

2 мин

Оглавление

PROBLEM
ISSUE
TROUBLE

Во-первых, они часто взаимозаменяемы. А дальше давайте разбираться, что нам Cambridge велит.

PROBLEM

1. Она и есть проблема:

I'm having problems with my computer.
No one has solved the problem of what to do with radioactive waste.
The very high rate of inflation poses/presents (= is) a serious problem for the government.

Важный пункт: problem – это лексика уровня А1. Так говорить можно и правильно, но невыпендрежно выходит.

2. У неё есть второе значение, нейтральное – задача, например математическая:

We were given ten problems to solve. – Нам дали решить 10 задач.

ISSUE

Поехали дальше к issue (это Cambridge уже уровнем B1).

1. Посмотрите на определение: a subject or problem that people are thinking and talking about. Не только сама проблема, но и тема обсуждения, вопрос для обсуждения:

Russian people being reluctant to vaccinate is a pressing issue.
As employers we need to be seen to be addressing (= dealing with) these issues sympathetically.
Don't worry about who will do it - that's just a side issue (= not the main problem).

2. Issue – выпуск (газеты, журнала, облигаций, акций):

A new issue of postage stamps was released to honor women in the military.
He picked up an old issue of Life magazine.
Shareholders approved the issue of 12 million shares of preferred stock.

Отсюда глагол to issue – выпускать, выдавать:

About $8.8 billion of debt was issued to pay dividends.
A competitor issued a statement calling its bid superior to the one that had been accepted.
Officials issued new passports to refugees at the consulate.

TROUBLE

1. Trouble = problem or difficulties:
Но Cambridge говорит нам, что это уже уровень В1 – доучились.

The tax forms were complicated and I had a lot of trouble with them.
Their problems seem to be over for the moment, but there could be more trouble ahead.
The trouble started/began when my father came to live with us.

2. Trouble – оттенок: это про ситуацию, в которой кто-то оказался с связи с проблемой:

She'll be in big trouble if she scratches Sam's car.
He got into financial trouble after his divorce.
I hope you won't get into trouble because of what I said to your dad.

3. Споры и конфликты:

Listen, I don't want any trouble in here, so please just finish your drink and leave.
My parents said we had to leave at the first sign of trouble.
My little brother's always trying to stir up (= create) trouble between me and my boyfriend.

4. Дополнительная работа/нагрузка:

I didn't mean to cause you any trouble.
"I'd love some more coffee, if it isn't too much trouble." "Oh, it's no trouble at all."
If you took the trouble to listen to what I was saying, you'd know what I was talking about.