GM: Let's thoroughly analyze all four factors.
Sun: Let's. But since all the factors are closely interrelated with each other, to better understand the process, I will briefly present a General scheme for constructing a protein molecule.
As a result of training in the blood increases the concentration of anabolic hormones. Most important in this process is testosterone. This fact is substantiated by the practice of sport anabolic steroids. Anabolic hormones absorbed from the blood to the active tissues. A molecule of the anabolic hormone (testosterone, growth hormone) enters the cell nucleus and this is the start of synthesis of a protein molecule. This could be, but try to consider the process in more detail. In the cell nucleus is coiled into a spiral DNA molecule, which contains information about the structure of all proteins of an organism. The various proteins differ from each other only by the sequence of amino acids in the amino acid chain. The portion of DNA that contains information about the structure of a single protein, is called gene. This plot is located in the nuclei of muscle fibers from the frequency of impulses passing through the muscle fiber. Under the action of the hormone section of the DNA helix, turns and with a gene removed special copy called and RNA ( information ribonucleic acid), another name its m-RNA ( matrix ribonucleic acid). This is sometimes confusing, so just remember that the I-RNA and m-RNA are the same. Then RNA goes from the nucleus with ribosomes. Note that the ribosomes are also being built inside the kernel, and this requires a molecule of ATP and CRP which is to supply energy for the resynthesis of ATP, i.e. for plastic processes. Further rough reticulum ribosomes using RNA to build proteins, the construction of a protein molecule on the desired template. The construction of the protein is carried out by connecting with each other free amino acids available in the cell, in that order, which is "written" in RNA.
Just need 20 different types of amino acids, so the lack of even one amino acid (as is the case with a vegetarian diet) will inhibit protein synthesis. So taking dietary Supplements in the form of BCAAs (valine, leucine, isoleucine) sometimes leads to a significant increase in muscle mass with strength training.
We now turn to four key factor in muscle growth.
1.The supply of amino acids in the cell
The building blocks of any protein molecule are amino acids. The number of amino acids in the cell is the only factor that is not associated with effects on the body strength exercises, and depends solely on power. It was decided that the athletes strength sports minimum dose of animal protein in the daily diet is at least 2 grams per kg of your body weight of the athlete.
JM: Tell me, does the necessity of taking amino acid complexes directly before a workout? Because in the process of training we are launching the construction of a protein molecule and that during exercise it is most active.
Sun: Amino acids should accumulate in the tissues. And they accumulate them gradually in the form of amino acid pool. So the need of the high content of amino acids in the blood during exercise there is. They need to take a few hours before training, however, you can continue taking nutritional Supplements before , during and after strength training. In this case, the probability of reception of necessary weight of a protein becomes higher. Protein synthesis is the next day after strength training, so taking protein dietary Supplements should continue for several days after weight training. This is evidenced by an increased metabolism for 2-3 days after weight training.
2. Increase the concentration of anabolic hormones in the blood
This is the most important of all four factors, as it launches the process of synthesis of myofibrils in the cell. Increase the concentration of anabolic hormones in the blood occurs under the influence of physiological stress achieved as a result of the exemption of repetitions in the approach. In the process of training the hormones enter the cell, and do not go back. Therefore, the more approaches are made, the more hormones will be inside the cell. The appearance of new nuclei for the growth of myofibrils doesn't change anything fundamentally. Well, there was 10 new nucleoli, but they have to give information about what we need to create a myofibril. And they can give it only with the help of hormones. Under the action of the hormones produced in the nuclei of muscle fibers and not only-RNA and transfer RNA, ribosomes and other structures involved in the synthesis of protein molecules. It should be noted that anabolic hormones involved in protein synthesis irreversibly. They are completely metabolised within the cell for several days.
3. Increasing the concentration of free creatine in MV
Along with an important role in determining the contractile properties in the regulation of energy metabolism accumulation of free creatine in the sarcoplasmic space is the criterion of intensification of metabolism in the cell. KrF transportorul energy from mitochondria to myofibrils in OMV and sarcoplasmic myofibrillar ATP to ATP in GMV. Similarly, he transportorul energy in the nucleus of the cell nuclear of ATP. If muscle fiber aktiviziruyutsya, the kernel also spent ATP, and to generate ATP required CRF. Other sources of energy for the resynthesis of ATP in the nucleus is not (there are no mitochondria). To support the process of formation of I-RNA, ribosomes, and so on. Should the flow of CRF in the nucleus and the release of their his free CD and inorganic phosphate. I usually say that the CD works as a hormone, not to go into details. But the main problem of the CD not to read information from the DNA helix and to synthesize and RNA, it is a matter of hormones, and in order to provide the process energy. And the more the CRF, the more will pass the process. In the quiescent state in the cell are almost 100% of CRF, so the metabolism and plastic processes occur in the indolent form. However, all the organelles of the organism are updated regularly and therefore, this process always goes. But as a result of training, i.e. the activity of the muscle fibers, sarcoplasmic space, the accumulation of free creatine . This means that there are active metabolic and plastic processes. CRF in the nucleoli and releases energy for the resynthesis of ATP, free Cu moves to mitochondria, where again resynthesised in the CRF. Thus, part of the CRF begins to engage in the provision of energy in the nucleus of the cell, so significantly by activating all the plastic processes occurring in it. Therefore, it is an effective creatine supplementation in athletes of strength sports.
GM: consequently, the receive outside of anabolic steroids does not negate the need for additional reception of creatine?
VS: of Course not. The action of hormones and Cu in no way overlap. On the contrary, are mutually reinforcing.
4. Increasing the concentration of hydrogen ions in MV
Increasing the concentration of hydrogen ions causes labilization membranes ( increase of the pore sizes in the membranes, which leads to facilitation of the penetration of hormones into the cell), activates the action of enzymes facilitates the access of hormones to genetic information to the DNA molecules. Why during exercise in dynamic mode, hyperplasia of myofibrils in OMV does not occur. After all, they do participate in the work as GMV. And because they, unlike GMV aktiviziruyutsya only three factors of muscle growth of the four. In view of the large number of mitochondria and it does not stop the delivery of blood and oxygen during exercise, accumulation of hydrogen ions in the sarcoplasm of OMV does not occur. Accordingly the hormones can't penetrate the cells. And anabolic processes do not unfold. Hydrogen ions stimulate all the processes in the cell. A cell is active, through it run the nerve impulses, and these impulses cause biosatellite to start to form new nuclei. At high frequency impulses are created in the kernel for BMW in low – kernel for IIM.You just need to remember that acidification should not be excessive, otherwise hydrogen ions will begin to destroy the protein structures of the cell and the level of catabolic processes in the cell will begin to exceed the level of anabolic processes.
JM: I think that all of the above will be news for our readers, since the analysis of this information refutes many established positions. For example, the fact that muscles grow most actively during sleep and on rest days.
VS: The construction of new myofibrils lasts 7-15 days, but the most active accumulation of ribosomes occurs during training and the first hours after it. Hydrogen ions do their job both during training and in the next hour after it. Hormones work - they decrypt information with DNA for another 2-3 days. But not as intense as during the training period, when this process is also activated by an increased concentration of free creatine.
JM: Accordingly, during the period of construction of myofibrils, it is necessary to conduct stress training every 3-4 days to activate hormones and use the muscles under construction in a tonic regimen to acidify them a little and will ensure the labilization of membranes for penetration into the MV and cell nuclei of a new portion of hormones.
VS: Yes, the training process should be built on the basis of these biological laws, and then it will be as effective as possible, which is actually confirmed by the practice of strength training.
JM: The question also arises about the advisability of taking anabolic hormones from the outside on rest days. Indeed, in the absence of hydrogen ions, they will not be able to pass through cell membranes.
VS: Absolutely. Some part of course will pass. A small part of the hormones penetrates the cell even in a calm state. I have already said that the processes of renewal of protein structures occur constantly and the processes of synthesis of protein molecules do not stop. But most of the hormones get into the liver, where it will die. in addition, in large doses, it will have a negative effect on the liver itself. Therefore, the feasibility of continuous use of megadoses of anabolic steroids with mega doses of steroids, those, of course are not nedeed for natural athletes.