1.3. Types and forms of origami.
In Japan, there are several types of origami. They arose at different times, which was due not only to different technologies for the manufacture of similar products, but also the appearance of colored paper, as well as the purpose of making a particular object.
Ashi-i origami is a paper doll, made with special cuts and folds. The face of the doll is drawn directly on the paper, and the costume can be drawn or glued.
Nishiki and origami - in this type of paper use colored paper, a drawing that is made with wooden blocks. It was popular from the late period of Taisu until the beginning of the Sheva period (1926). The dolls, made in this style, made neat cuts and painted facial features and clothing with a brush.
Casaneoori origami is a special fold, obtained by bending several colored sheets of paper, mixed relative to each other. The last sheet of paper is placed only a certain color. This is determined by the ceremony and whether the event, which uses this type of origami.
Kawari-i origami - this is the type of origami, which uses paper printed with separate drawings on each piece of paper. Folding the individual elements of the product then opens, then hides the various figures depicted on the individual parts, creating bizarre images. This type of origami used in various children's competitions and contests.
Kiritsunagi origami involves the manufacture of several connected figures. The best example is the "zurifune" - a flock of cranes. It is made of a square sheet of paper, which is cut into small squares connected to the central large square. There are 49 different ways of cutting the paper, and the workpiece can be quite complex. "Sembazuru" means folding and decorating the house with cranes as a talisman, as a desire to realize a dream. Usually for this type of origami used Japanese paper "your", which can bend up to 30 layers.
These types of origami have not found widespread use in other countries, as they are closely related to various ceremonies, rituals and ...on a holiday that only Japan has to offer. However, folding, based on the use of square sheets of paper and traditional forms of origami, has found application in education and art in many countries.
As mentioned earlier, the art of folding comes from the distant ages, from a time when there was no distinction in the minds of people between living and non-living nature. Apparently, at that time, along with Gohei, tate, burdens, and katashiro, there appeared sambo boxes, in which small pieces of vegetables and fish were placed, bringing them as a sacrifice. Sambo in Japan was very closely related to religion, in the beginning (about a few centuries ago), the art of origami existed as a temple, extremely regulated by the technique of execution. The number of products was small. They practiced techniques of working with paper as a material on which you can not only write and draw, but from which you can perform different paper figures. It was at this time that people began to understand that for origami need certain types of paper. It should be elastic, well preserve the lines of inflection, not be broken and fluffy. At the time, the art of origami knew few, the paper was very expensive and was not developed schemes for the performance of a particular product. Techniques and techniques of working with paper were transferred directly from person to person. Traditional products were also accumulated for one or another ritual or ceremony. Gradually formed a traditional form of origami, based on the basic forms of "Crane", "Frog", etc.
Over time, began to appear masters who are not satisfied with the frames of the traditional form of origami. They were looking for new basic forms to perform their products. Used not only the sheet of square form, but also a rectangle, rhombus, pentagons and hexagons, circle, triangle. This has expanded the possibilities of origami and allowed you to create products that are not possible to make of a square sheet of paper. Kosho Ushiyavo said: "Origami is a world in which everyone who can portray things from a single sheet of paper, feels the joy of the creator. Products have become more personal, more creative and diverse.
This was especially evident in the manufacture of masks. The nature of the artist, his emotional state is reflected in the product: the size of the mouth, eyes and nose are never the same, each mask has its own "expression of the face".