Fear... Who doesn't know this condition?
From suddenly surging, paralyzing the will of feeling to a long feeling of anxiety and anxiety, accompanied by sleepless nights, a desire to forget about anything, to drive away unpleasant impressions...
The topic of social fear is not new in historical and philosophical terms. However, for our country, where for many years the view of the individual "as a bearer of mainly subjective, i.e. active qualities, the current situation of mass fear of the future, the fear of losing the hearth and sometimes the homeland itself, and finally the prosaic fear of not being well-fed, clothed and dressed - this situation turned out to be unexpected with all the relevant economic, political and psychological losses and costs". It turned out that both politicians and social scientists were unable not only to anticipate but also to explain the already established tendencies of emergence and development of social fear.
And at the same time, social fear, which appears everywhere and sharply increases at the critical moments of society's development, is replicated, changed and, without disappearing, driven voluntarily or involuntarily into the subconscious sphere, forcing a person to close himself off from the frightening world with instructions, deaf fences, silence and indifference, leaving him or her for religious illusions.
Economic, political, ideological, ecological, ecological, cosmic, infectious, etc., fear has become as real today as the very existence of man.
What are people afraid of?
Of course, each person's specific reasons for fear can be infinitely varied. But all of them can be reduced to a few types that are characteristic of a particular society. In each particular society, fears can say a lot about society itself.
Thus, in most of the relict and reported societies studied by ethnographers, people are most afraid of other forces: the wrath of powerful supernatural beings, witchcraft. Archaeological data and the documents that have survived to us testify that the same was typical for the majority of the reported societies in the past.
Many sages of the past and modern scientists believed that fear is a disease to be treated. Psychologists have long studied this condition of a person, interpreting fear as a negative emotion that reveals itself when there is a real or perceived danger.
Emotions are a special class of psychic processes and state related to instincts, needs, motives, reflecting in the form of direct experience the importance of the phenomena and situations acting on an individual for the implementation of his life activity.
Fear is an emotion that arises in cases of a real or imaginary threat to the existence of an organism, an individual, its values, ideals and principles, and is aimed at the source of danger.
There are both innate and acquired causes or stimuli for fear. Congenital or natural causes for fear include loneliness, altitude, sudden approach, sudden change of stimulus and pain. Many of the acquired or sociocultural factors that cause or influence fear are related to congenital causes. For example, "an adult can rationalize his or her fear of thunder by signalling an increased likelihood of being struck by lightning". Socioculturally induced fears can be acquired through traumatic conditioning or by imitating an adult who acts as a model of fear. The adult is significantly influenced by the way fear is socialized in childhood. In humanistic socialization, fear experiences are minimized, parents refrain from intimidating the child and teach him or her tolerance of fear and ways to counter it. With normative socialization of fear, parents pass on their fear to the child, the harmfulness of fear is underestimated, and parents can intentionally intimidate the child without compensating the child's fear. The interaction between fear and suffering can increase the problems that arise in the formation of a person and slow down his or her development. A strong link between fear and suffering can reduce a person's ability to empathize with the suffering of others. The interaction of fear and contempt can lead to mistrust and even fear of self. A strong link between fear and shame can lead to paranoid schizophrenia. Today, scientific vocabulary uses such modifications of fear as anxiety, anxiety, fear, anxiety, fear, fright, horror. Fear means a certain state of expectation of danger and preparation for the latter, even if it is unknown; fear assumes a certain object to be afraid of; fear means states of danger when the subject is unprepared for it, it emphasizes the element of surprise.
to be continued in the next part