1.2 Memory types by type of mental activity
By the nature of the mental activity, they distinguish between motor, shaped, acetic, symbolic memory.
Motor (or motor) memory is detected very early. First, it is the memory on the pose, the position of the body. It lies at the heart of many professional skills, which gradually become automatic, i.e. they are carried out without attracting consciousness and attention. People with developed motor memory assimilate material better not by hearing or reading, but by rewriting the text. This is one way to develop literacy. Achieving full development before other forms of memory, some people's motor memory remains the leading memory for life, while others play a leading role in other types of memory.
Emotional memory is a memory of feelings. Emotional memory determines the reproduction of a certain sensual state under the repeated influence of the situation in which a given emotional state appeared for the first time. Strong, emotionally colored impressions, a person retains them longest. It is believed that sensual memory, on the basis of which emotional memory develops, is already available to a six-month-old child and reaches its development by the age of three to five.
Imaginary memory is the memory of the performance, the memory of the pictures of nature, sounds, smells, tastes. This kind of memory can be visual, olfactory, auditory, taste, etc. The following changes are revealed: some simplification (lowering of details), some exaggeration of separate details, a transformation of a figure into a more symmetrical one. In the process of saving, the image can be transformed by color. Images, which are rarely found, extraordinary and unexpected, are most clearly and vividly visually reproduced.
Image memory is usually more vivid in children and adolescents. Adults usually have a logical memory, not a figurative one, although there are professions where it is necessary to have a good figurative memory. Endemic memory is considered to be a kind of figurative memory, the correct use of which is the basis of a good memory.
Human memory includes the processes of remembering, preserving, recognizing or reproducing information, it connects the past and present of a person, forms his or her personality, and personal motivation factors have a significant influence.
Pictures appearing before his mind are so distinct that he can transfer the view from one detail to another. He can continue to see the rows of words, signs, numbers, or turn the data dictated to him into visual images. The same applies to the music that a person seems to continue to hear.
Symbolic memory is divided into verbal and logical memory. Word memory is formed in the process of lifetime development following the figurative one and reaches the highest power by 10-13 years. Its distinctive feature is the accuracy of reproduction and much greater dependence on will. It is not always in our power to reproduce a visual image, while it is much easier to repeat a phrase. However, verbal preservation is distorted.
Conclusions
Memory is a system of processes and states where information is organized, summarized and stored for some time.
Memory types are differentiated depending on what is being memorized or reproduced. Reproduction can refer to movements, actions, expressed in the formation of habits and skills, the visual content of consciousness (images - representations of objects or words), thoughts and feelings.
Accordingly, the following types of memory are distinguished: motor memory expressed in skills and habits; visual, auditory and tactile memory; memory for thought (logical) and memory for feeling (effective, emotional).
Memory types are also differentiated depending on how memories are memorized. Depending on the nature of the activity, there is a distinction between arbitrary and involuntary memorization. Depending on the way of memorizing, there is a distinction between mechanical and semantic memory.
According to the duration of storage of information will allocate memory instant (sensory), short-term and long-term.