In his work" the Collapse of the second international "(may-June 1915) Lenin stressed that the revolution cannot be" imported " from the outside, it is the result of the internal development of each country, is generated by objective reasons, extreme exacerbation of social contradictions, urgent crises, called revolutionary situations. But in order for the revolutionary situation to turn into a revolution, Lenin pointed out, it is necessary that the objective factors be joined by the subjective: the capacity of the revolutionary class for mass revolutionary action.
Lenin considered the leadership of the revolutionary struggle of the working class by the Marxist party to be the decisive condition for the victory of the socialist revolution. The works "on the slogan" disarmament "and" the Question of peace " are devoted to the problems of war and peace in the future socialist society. Lenin wrote that the revolution must be able to defend itself, although "disarmament is the ideal of socialism" and "the end of wars, peace among peoples, the cessation of plunder and violence - it is our ideal...".
Lenin's work "the socialist revolution and the right of Nations to self-determination" (December 1915-February 1916) is a Declaration of the Bolsheviks on the national colonial question, which is considered by them as an integral part of the question of the socialist revolution, its reserves and allies, the direct support of the proletarian revolution of the struggle of colonial peoples and oppressed Nations in General against imperialism. "The right to self - determination of Nations," Lenin wrote in his work, " means the exclusive right to independence in the political sense..."And further:" This demand is not at all equivalent to the demand of secession ... formation of small States. It means only the consistent expression of the struggle against all national oppression."
In his works "the Answer To p. Kievsky (Yu.Pyatakov)" and "on the caricature of Marxism and "imperialist Economism", in a letter to I. F. Armand on December 12, 1916, Lenin showed the need to link the struggle for democracy with the struggle for socialism.
Thus, during the first world war, Lenin armed the party with the theory of the socialist revolution, which he considered as a diverse life process in the struggle for the dictatorship of the proletariat, democracy, socialism.
On the eve of 1917 in Russia there was a situation: the ruined villages, the stopped factories and plants, hunger, defeats at the fronts. And as a conclusion - Lenin's words: "Life teaches. Life goes through the defeat of Russia to the revolution in it..."
Defining the specific tasks of the Russian proletariat, the Bolshevik party in the brewing revolution, Lenin in his work "Several theses" pointed out that the slogans of the party are still the overthrow of the monarchy, the democratic Republic, the confiscation of landlords, 8-hour working day. The social content of the next revolution in Russia, Lenin wrote, can only be the revolutionary-democratic dictatorship of the proletariat and peasantry.
Lenin, speaking on 9 January 1917 at the People's house in Zurich, on the anniversary of the first Russian revolution, at a meeting of young workers, said: "We must not be deceived. the present deathly silence in Europe. Europe is fraught with revolution." His foresight had come true. A little more than a month passed, and the bourgeois-democratic revolution broke out in Russia - in February 1917 the tsarist autocracy was overthrown. The main driving force and hegemon of the revolution was the working class. The Bolshevik party was the leader and organizer of the workers and peasants in the revolution.
During the February revolution, the Soviets of workers 'and soldiers' deputies - organs of the revolutionary democratic dictatorship of the proletariat and peasantry-were created. But the Mensheviks and social revolutionaries, who at that time dominated the majority of the Soviets, betrayed the interests of the people and transferred state power to the bourgeois Provisional government. The country established a dual power. The Bolshevik party was faced with the task of achieving the transfer of all power to the Soviets.
"Now in turn," Lenin wrote in a letter to A. M. Kollontai on March 17, 1917, " the broadening of work, the organization of the masses, the awakening of new strata ... for. .. preparations for the conquest of power by the Soviets of workers ' deputies."
...Lenin sought to return to Russia that was to make extremely difficult, as I had part of the way to be done in Germany, a military enemy of Russia. Having overcome a lot of difficulties, Lenin, Krupskaya and 30 Russian immigrants (including 19 of the Bolsheviks), March 27, after leaving Switzerland, through Germany, Sweden, Finland went to Russia.