Отоларингология

Kiesselbach plexus The nasal mucosa is highly vascular and easily irritated by trauma (eg, nose-picking), mucosal dryness, foreign body insertion, and rhinitis (eg, allergy, infection). Epistaxis is very common in children and may be classified as anterior or posterior, depending on the bleeding source. Anterior nosebleeds are by far the most common, and the vast majority occur within the vascular watershed area of the nasal septum (anteroinferior part of the nasal septal mucosa) known as Kiesselbach plexus...

This patient has Ménière disease, a disorder of the inner ear characterized by increased volume and pressure of endolymph (endolymphatic hydrops) that is thought to be due to defective resorption of endolymph. The resultant distension of the endolymphatic system causes damage to the vestibular and cochlear components of the inner ear. Ménière disease is characterized by the following triad: (Choice A) Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by patchy demyelination in the central nervous system that varies over time...