> Deliberately launching attacks against civilians;
> Depriving prisoners of a fair trial;
> Torturing prisoners of war;
> Taking civilians hostage;
> Forcing displacement;
> Using chemical weapons or poison gas;
> Committing rape or sexual violence.
The list of what constitutes a war crime was established after World War II, in response to the atrocities committed against civilians during the conflict, considered grave violations against humanity.
Currently, there is a specific court to try these crimes: the International Criminal Court (ICC), which prosecutes individuals for violations committed in conflicts around the world. It follows the agreements of the Geneva Conventions (1949), international treaties created to reduce the impact of war on the civilian population. If there is sufficient evidence, the ICC prosecutor can request that judges issue arrest warrants to bring suspects to trial in The Hague, Netherlands.
However, there are limitations, as the court does not have its own police force and relies on the cooperation of states to make arrests. If a suspect travels to a member country, they can be detained—though in practice, this rarely happens. Some countries do not recognize the court. Russia, for example, withdrew in 2016, and Vladimir Putin stated that he would not extradite any citizen.
Report: https://www.hrw.org/news/2025/03/20/gaza-israeli-military-war-crimes-while-occupying-hospitals
Video: https://ok.ru/video/10587585841903