Annotation: The article examines the influence of culture on language as one of the key factors in their interrelation and interaction. It analyzes the role of cultural factors in shaping linguistic features, including vocabulary, phraseology, semantics, and grammar. Particular attention is paid to how culture determines the choice of linguistic means for expressing social, emotional, and cognitive concepts. Examples from various linguistic communities are considered, demonstrating how cultural traditions, values, and norms shape the linguistic worldview. It is emphasized that language is not only a means of communication but also a repository of cultural knowledge passed down through generations. The conclusions of the article highlight the need to consider cultural aspects in linguistic research, intercultural communication, and translation practice.
Key words: Culture, language, linguistic features, worldview, cultural influence, intercultural communication.
Аннотация: В статье рассматривается влияние культуры на язык как один из ключевых факторов их взаимосвязи и взаимодействия. Анализируется роль культурных факторов в формировании языковых особенностей, включая лексику, фразеологию, семантику и грамматику. Особое внимание уделяется тому, как культура определяет выбор языковых средств для выражения социальных, эмоциональных и когнитивных концептов. Рассматриваются примеры из различных языковых сообществ, демонстрирующие, как культурные традиции, ценности и нормы формируют языковую картину мира. Подчеркивается, что язык является не только средством коммуникации, но и хранилищем культурных знаний, которые передаются от поколения к поколению. Выводы статьи указывают на необходимость учета культурных аспектов в лингвистических исследованиях, межкультурной коммуникации и переводческой практике.
Ключевые слова: Культура, язык, языковые особенности, картина мира, влияние культуры, межкультурная коммуникация.
The relationship between culture and language is a fundamental aspect of human society, where both elements are deeply interconnected and influence each other. Culture shapes language by determining the vocabulary, grammar, and expressions used to convey social, emotional, and cognitive ideas [Sapir, 1921, pg. 35]. Language, in turn, serves as a vessel for preserving and transmitting cultural values, traditions, and knowledge across generations. Cultural factors play a crucial role in the development of linguistic features. For example, societies with unique environmental conditions often have specific terms to describe their surroundings, such as the many words for "snow" in some Arctic languages [Whorf, 1956, pg. 98]. Similarly, cultural norms and values influence the way concepts like politeness, hierarchy, or emotion are expressed in various languages [Kramsch, 1998, pg. 56].
The linguistic worldview - how people perceive and interpret the world through their language - is heavily shaped by cultural traditions. For instance, idiomatic expressions and metaphors often reflect a community's historical experiences and beliefs [Hymes, 1974, pg. 112]. Such linguistic phenomena illustrate the inseparability of language and culture.
This interdependence highlights the importance of cultural awareness in fields such as linguistics, intercultural communication, and translation studies. A failure to consider cultural contexts can lead to miscommunication and misunderstandings, particularly in an increasingly globalized world [Hall, 1959, pg. 44].
In conclusion, the study of how culture influences language not only enriches our understanding of human communication but also emphasizes the need to respect and preserve the diversity of linguistic and cultural heritages. This recognition is vital for fostering effective intercultural dialogue and cooperation [Wierzbicka, 1992, pg. 78].
References:
1.Sapir, E. (1921). Language: An Introduction to the Study of Speech. Harcourt, Brace and Company.
2. Whorf, B. L. (1956). Language, Thought, and Reality: Selected Writings of Benjamin Lee Whorf. MIT Press.
3. Hall, E. T. (1959). The Silent Language. Doubleday.
4. Hymes, D. (1974). Foundations in Sociolinguistics: An Ethnographic Approach. University of Pennsylvania Press.
5. Kramsch, C. (1998). Language and Culture. Oxford University Press.
6. Wierzbicka, A. (1992). Semantics, Culture, and Cognition: Universal Human Concepts in Culture-Specific Configurations. Oxford University Press.
Solmaz TACHMEDOVA ,
a student of Dovletmammet Azadi Turkmen National Institute of World Languages.