Read the text about the development of technology. Read the definitions (18), find the words which have the same meaning in the text and underline them.
Прочитайте текст о развитии технологии. Прочитайте определения (1-8), найдите в тексте слова, имеющие такое же значение, и подчеркните их.
Technology refers to tools and machines that may be used to solve real-world problems. It is a far-reaching term that may include simple tools, such as a crowbar or wooden spoon, or more complex machines, such as a space station or particle accelerator. The word 'technology' can also be used to refer to a collection of techniques. Man's use of technology began with the conversion of natural resources into simple tools. The prehistoric discovery of the ability to control fire increased the available sources of food. The invention of the wheel helped humans to travel and to control their environment. Technology can be viewed as an activity that forms or changes culture. Technology has affected society in a number of ways. In many societies, technology has helped to develop more advanced economies, including today's global economy. Recent technological developments, including the printing press, the telephone, and the Internet, have lessened physical barriers to communication and allowed humans to interact freely on a global scale. However, not all technologies have been used for peaceful purposes. The development of weapons of ever-increasing destructive power has progressed throughout history, from clubs to nuclear weapons. Apart from that, many technological processes produce unwanted byproducts, known as pollution, and deplete natural resources, to the detriment of the environment.
(Source: en.wikipedia.org)
1. New machines, equipment, and ways of doing things that are based on modern knowledge about science and computers.
2. A piece of equipment that is useful for doing your job.
3. A piece of equipment with moving parts that uses power such as electricity to do a particular job.
4. A large spacecraft that stays above the Earth and is a base for people travelling in space or for scientific tests.
5. A machine used in scientific studies which makes the very small pieces of matter that atoms are made of move at high speeds.
6. A machine that prints newspapers, books etc.
7. The system of communication that you use to have a conversation with someone in another place.
8. A computer system that allows millions of computer users around the world to exchange information.
9. Something that you use to fight with or attack someone with, such as a bomb, or gun.
10. Something additional that is produced during a natural or industrial process.
(Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English)
Vocabulary
to refer (to) – относиться (к чему-л.)
printing press – печатная машина
far-reaching – широкий
communication – передача информации, общение
term – термин
to interact – взаимодействовать, общаться
crowbar – лом
destructive – разрушительный
particle accelerator – ускоритель частиц
club – дубина
conversion – превращение
nuclear weapons – ядерное оружие
prehistoric – доисторический
byproduct – побочный продукт
advanced – современный, передовой
to deplete – истощать, исчерпывать
global economy – мировая экономика
detriment – ущерб, вред
KEYS. Ответы
1. technology 2. tool 3. machine 4. space station 5. particle accelerator 6. the printing press 7. the telephone 8. the Internet 9. weapon 10. byproduct
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