Brightness is an attribute of visual perception in which a source appears to be radiating or reflecting light. In other words, brightness is the perception elicited by the luminance of a visual target. The perception is not linear to luminance, and relies on the context of the viewing environment (for example, see White's illusion). Brightness is a subjective sensation of an object being observed and one of the color appearance parameters of many color appearance models, typically denoted as Q. Brightness refers to how much light appears to shine from something. This is a different perception than lightness, which is how light something appears compared to a similarly lit white object. en.wikipedia.org А теперь по-русски: Считая, что цвет «тёмный» или «светлый», мы имеем в виду яркость. Это свойство сообщает нам, насколько свет светел или тёмен, в том смысле, насколько он близок к белому. Так, на примере канареечный жёлтый цвет считается светлее синего «navy blue», который в свою оче