Read the text about global problems. Read the definitions (18), find the words which have the same meaning in the text and underline them.
Прочитайте текст о глобальных проблемах. Прочитайте определения (1-8), найдите в тексте слова, имеющие такое же значение, и подчеркните их.
The greenhouse effect causes the temperature on Earth to rise. It happens because heat cannot escape through the upper levels of the air surrounding the Earth. The consequences of the greenhouse effect may be disastrous: arctic ice is gradually melting, sealevel is rising. As a result, all coastal areas may be flooded.
Global warming is the result of overheating of the air. It is caused by carbon dioxide emissions from the burning of fossil fuels which collect in the space around the Earth. Acid rain contains harmful quantities of acid. It is mostly caused by emissions which react in the atmosphere to produce acids. Acid rain can have harmful effects on plants, aquatic animals, and buildings. Besides, it has adverse impacts on human health.
Ozone depletion refers to the slow decline of ozone in the Earth's stratosphere. Ozone is a protective layer absorbing harmful ultraviolet radiation which is produced by the Sun. Ultraviolet radiation may cause skin cancer and affect the growth of plants. CFC (chlorofluorocarbon) is believed to be responsible for damaging the ozone layer. This gas is used in refrigerators, fire extinguishers and in some aerosols.
1. The gradual warming of the air surrounding the Earth as a result of heat being trapped by pollution.
2. A general increase in world temperatures caused by increased amounts of carbon dioxide around the Earth.
3. A gas or other substance that is sent into the air.
4. A fuel such as coal or oil that is produced by the very gradual decaying of animals or plants over millions of years.
5. Rain that contains harmful acid which can damage the environment and is caused by emissions which react in the atmosphere to produce acids.
6. The mixture of gases that surrounds the Earth.
7. A slow decline of ozone in the Earth's stratosphere.
8. The outer part of the air surrounding the Earth, from ten to fifty kilometres above the Earth.
9. Energy in the form of ultraviolet light that is sent out as waves and that cannot be seen by people, but is responsible for making your skin darker when you are in the sun.
10. A layer of gases in the sky that prevents harmful radiation from the sun from reaching the Earth.
(Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English)
Vocabulary
the greenhouse effect – парниковый эффект
acid rain – кислотный дождь
consequence – последствие
ozone depletion – истощение озонового слоя
to melt – таять
decline – падение, снижение
to flood – затоплять
protective layer – защитный слой
global warming – глобальное потепление
to absorb – поглощать, впитывать
carbon dioxide – углекислый газ
ultraviolet radiation – ультрафиолетовое
emissions – выбросы излучение
fossil fuel – ископаемое топливо
chlorofluorocarbon – фреон
KEYS. Ответы
1. the greenhouse effect 2. global warming 3. emission 4. fossil fuel 5. acid rain 6. atmosphere 7. ozone depletion 8. stratosphere 9. ultraviolet radiation 10. ozone layer
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