PART 1.
ВНИМАНИЕ! ЭТО ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ.
ПОМНИТЕ! КУРЕНИЕ ВРЕДИТ ВАШЕМУ ЗДОРОВЬЮ!
Some of the first tobacco leaves appeared in Europe in 1492 when Christopher Columbus took a few to Queen Isabella of Spain.
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At the time, it was thought that tobacco could be used to treat wounds, asthma and cancer. Some people even believed that smoking cleaned out the lungs.
wound – рана
cancer – рак
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A French Ambassador named Jean Nicot brought Tobacco plants to Portugal in 1559. Incidentally, the word “nicotine” comes from his last name.
Ambassador – посол
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Nicotine is a drug found in cigarettes that stimulates the brain. When levels of nicotine in the blood fall, regular smokers may develop withdrawal symptoms such as anxiety, restlessness, headaches and irritability. These symptoms may be relieved by the next cigarette.
withdrawal symptoms – симптомы отмены
anxiety - тревожность
restlessness – беспокойство
irritability – раздражительность
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Tobacco was a major crop in the Spanish and English colonies in North and South America. In fact, tobacco became so valuable that it could be used in place of money. People in Virginia planted tobacco crops on every square of soil. Eventually, the Virginia Company (a private company that was in charge of Virginia until 1624) had to pass a law requiring people to grow food, not just tobacco.
valuable - ценный
soil - земля
requiring – обязывающий
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Until the 1700s, most people smoked tobacco in a pipe. However, by the 1800s, cigarettes became more fashionable but had to be rolled by hand and were extremely expensive.
pipe – трубка
fashionable – модный
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The first report that linked smoking to certain disease was published in 1859.
disease – болезнь
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In the 1920s, the makers of Lucky Strike Cigarettes wanted to appeal to women who were watching their weight by using the slogan, “Reach for a Lucky instead of a Sweet”.
appeal – привлечь
weight – вес
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During the two World Wars, soldiers were given cigarettes as part of their rations.
ration – рацион
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Several countries outlawed tobacco use in the 1600s. In Turkey, tobacco users could be tortured or killed. In China, a person caught with tobacco might be beheaded. And in Russia, tobacco users who were caught a second time were executed.
torture – пытка
execute – казнить
To be continued …