This is a global project aimed at dominating Russia. The Northern Sea Route today depends on weather conditions and the severity of winter, which lasts there all year round.
Now Putin has been inspired with the idea that this can be overcome by icebreaker escorting and an extremely expensive icebreaker fleet should be built, the cost of escorting ships will be unthinkable, and the option of being stuck in the ice is very likely.
However, there is a project for a more global approach to the Northern Sea Route. This is a coastal water heating project. The Northern Sea Route itself could not exist without the warm waters of the rivers flowing into the Arctic Ocean. Spreading over the surface of salty sea waters, fresh rivers create warm currents and melt ice, that is, this is a natural mechanism for freeing from ice in the coastal zone of the ocean.
But the rivers do not everywhere flow into the ocean, there are significant parts of the coast where there are no large rivers. Therefore, the ice here is especially thick and this interferes with the pilotage of ships in the coldest periods. Conclusion, a discharge of relatively warm water is needed at those places of the coast where it will be optimal.
The source of heat can be the cooling of nuclear power plants, on coal, on gas, depending on the optimal logistics of the project, this is not surprising, for example, there is already one Bilibinskaya nuclear power plant on the shores of the Arctic Ocean, so it is really possible to increase its capacity, or on its basis create a pool of super-powerful nuclear power plants, where the cooling will not be thrown into the air, but, using technologies that exclude radioactive contamination, will be cooled by the waters of the ocean.
There is also coal and a railway in Vorkuta, which means there is no problem to put several thermal power plants on the coast, where there will also be cooling not by releasing heat into the air, but by heating the coastal waters.
These are just two obvious examples, the format of the article is limiting. Electricity will at all be the driver of the development of the Far North, for example, you can melt aluminum, which requires a huge flow of electricity, you can transfer it using power lines and create growth points.
In addition, in addition to the obvious stimulation of the development of the northern territories, the climate there will dramatically improve. The fact is that the Gulf Stream flows into the Arctic Ocean and its current heats up even the Arkhangelsk region, if stimulated by heating, then its waters will move far to the east.
Also, open areas of water actively absorb solar radiation, but ice, on the contrary, almost completely reflects, therefore, open areas of water will accumulate a huge amount of solar radiation, instead of uselessly reflecting it into space.
For those who do not understand, there is a multiplier effect of heat accumulation, as a result of which the Northern Sea Route will be free of ice all year round, and most importantly, this will not affect the ecology of the Arctic Ocean in any way, since the mass of coastal waters is negligible in comparison with the ocean, and a little north of the Northern Sea Route, everything will be covered with ice to the delight of white bears.
There is one more bonus of the project, general warming of the northern territories due to more active absorption of solar radiation, and general warming in Russia on the principle of a heat pump, more heat, more precipitation, and more harvest.