When choosing a tool for preserving and increasing capital, it is customary to distinguish two main ones - a deposit in a bank or a purchase of shares. The differences between these instruments vary depending on risk and reliability. A bank deposit is more reliable, less risky and less profitable. Usually, the% on the deposit varies from 4-8% and is + - at the level of inflation and slightly ahead of it. This option also has its own risks, for example, bankruptcy, but the chance of this is extremely small, in case of bankruptcy, they have deposit insurance, the amount that they can return to you in case of bankruptcy. Provided that the amount of your deposit is more than or equal to 700,000) but no more.
Buying shares of other companies, you are exposed to a greater risk than a deposit in a bank, the share price may change and fall, then you may not increase, but even lose part of your invested capital. But if the share price rises, you will get an average of 15% (average growth of RTS index companies for the year Figure 1). In addition to the increase in the share price, you have the opportunity to receive dividends on the purchased shares (if the issuing company pays dividends). Dividends represent the% that the company pays to its owner, usually once a year, less often 2 times, usually this% varies on average from 2-10% (Figure 2).
For example, in the amount of 100,000 rubles 5% of dividends (of the share value), you will receive 5.000 rubles just for holding the company's shares, in addition, if the share price rises, you can earn 15%, if not more, some companies grow in a year and by 300% or more, as happened with Tinkoff Bank in the period from December 2020 to October 2021 (Figure 3.4). If you count 15% of 100,000, then you will receive 115,000 + 5% of dividends 5.000 = 120.000, more than the deposit in the bank and inflation, however, it is drawn. Each of the options has its own advantages and disadvantages, the choice depends only on you, whether you are ready for risk and greater profits, or whether reliability and safety of capital will be better for you.
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