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History of the Northern Crusades

The Banners of the Teutonic Knights in the Battle of Grunwald (Part 1)

1. The Great Banner of the Grand Master of the Teutonic Order (argent, a cross potent Or fimbriated sable overall on an escutcheon Or a double headed eagle displayed sable). The commander of the unit: Grand Master Ulrich von Jungingen, 1407-1410; he fell at Tannenberg. Under the leadership of the Grand Master were there most illustrious knights and aristocrats. 2. The Lesser Banner of the Grand Master (smaller than the Greater Banner but otherwise identical without slits and "ribbons"). Used as the standard of the vanguard of the army. Often used to lead the charge of the army. Under this banner the most famous Teutonic knights, and heavily-armored knights, who came from Germany and other lands served, some of the servants of the Grand Master and members of his court served in this unit as well. 3. The Banner of the Teutonic Order (argent, a cross sable; cut into three "ribbons" up to center). The commander: Friedrich von Wallenrode, the Grand Marshal of the Teutonic Order and the Ko

1. The Great Banner of the Grand Master of the Teutonic Order (argent, a cross potent Or fimbriated sable overall on an escutcheon Or a double headed eagle displayed sable). The commander of the unit: Grand Master Ulrich von Jungingen, 1407-1410; he fell at Tannenberg. Under the leadership of the Grand Master were there most illustrious knights and aristocrats.

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2. The Lesser Banner of the Grand Master (smaller than the Greater Banner but otherwise identical without slits and "ribbons"). Used as the standard of the vanguard of the army. Often used to lead the charge of the army. Under this banner the most famous Teutonic knights, and heavily-armored knights, who came from Germany and other lands served, some of the servants of the Grand Master and members of his court served in this unit as well.

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3. The Banner of the Teutonic Order (argent, a cross sable; cut into three "ribbons" up to center). The commander: Friedrich von Wallenrode, the Grand Marshal of the Teutonic Order and the Komtur of Königsberg. The squadron consisted of the Order’s Knight-Brothers and the knights of Franconia, who came to help the Order on their own initiative and at their own cost. Such knights, who weren’t the Order’s members, and who used to come voluntarily to the aid of the Order, were called "pilgrims" or "guests" ("guest knights"). Friedrich von Wallenrode died in the battle.

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4. The Banner of the Grosskomturei of Stuhm (gules, a fess argent). The commander: Grosskomtur Kuno von Lichtenstein; the unit was composed of hired knights from Austria with few Brothers of the Order. Kuno von Lichtenstein died in the battle.

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5. The Banner of Treasurer of the Teutonic Order Thomas von Merheim (gules, a key palewise argent, wards to chief). Thomas von Merheim was killed in the battle together with most of his armored knights and servants, whom he led under the sign of his office.

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6. The Banner of St. George (gules, a cross argent). This unit fought on the Teutonic side, which was led by Georg Kerzdorff, the Advisor and Ambassador of King Sigismund. The unit was composed of the guest knights from various German lands. Almost all died in the battle.

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7. The Banner of Duke Casimir V of Pomerania, the ally of the Teutonic Knights (argent, a griffin segreant gules); the units was led by Duke Casimir V himself.

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8. The Banner of Conrad the White, Prince of Olesno (Rosenberg) from Silesia; the ally of the Teutonic Knights (Or, on an eagle displayed sable, a kleestengel argent ). The unit was composed of Prince Conrad's own people and knights from the Principality of Wroclaw (Breslau) and Silesia under the personal commans of Prince Conrad.

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9. The Banner of the Komturei of Ragnit (argent, three Phrygian caps palewise gules ). The unit was possibly led by Komtur of Balga Friedrich von Zollern (he also led the unit No.15).

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10. The Banner of the Bishop and Bishopric of Sambia (argent, in cross a sword reversed and a crozier gules ). The unit was composed of the vassal knights of the Bishopric, members of the Bishopric Court and hired armored knights, and was led by Vogt Bischof von Samland Teodorich von Sonnenburg. According to other sources, the Vogt Bischof von Samland was Adam von Schaumberg.

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11. The Banner of the Bishopric of Ermland (Warmia); per fess gules and argent, in chief a paschal lamb argent vulned gules and a chalice argent. The commander: Komtur of Schlochau Arno von Baden (died in the battle).

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12. The Banner of the Bishop and Bishopric of Pomesania (gules, the eagle of St. John statant wings displayed reversed Or maintaing in its talons a scroll in bend wavy argent inscribed with the motto "Sts Johannes" sable between two croziers palewise respectant Or). The unit was composed of knights from the Pomesanian Bishopric and mercenary knights, and was led by Markward von Riesenburg.

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