It is well known that the main objective of the development of the knowledge economy is to improve the well-being of the population and the quality of their living conditions by increasing the share of products and services produced with the use of modern information technologies, increasing the digital literacy of the population, as well as expanding the range of affordable and high-quality public services.
The rapid informatization of the knowledge economy has led to no less rapid growth in the production of digital products, the effective use of which by the population is impossible without an appropriate level of digital literacy.
Today, on the one hand, the proportion of the population that recognizes the need to increase the level of knowledge of the use of information technologies is constantly growing, but, on the other hand, there is still a significant gap in the possession of such skills among different groups of the population in our country.
However, the development of global progress has led to the active introduction and use of information technologies not only in all spheres of human activity, but also to fundamental changes in the structure of the economy and industrial relations, the organization of the educational process and the daily life of each person. In Russia, for example, by the end of 2017, 18.77% of the population used broadband Internet access, 160 mobile phones were used for every 100 people, and more than 71 out of every 100 people used mobile Internet access.
This resulted in new requirements for information systems and services, computing power and communications. As a result, today's information data have become a new asset that can lead to multiple increases in profits, primarily by increasing the alternative value of digital information resources that can be applied in new areas of knowledge as technologies evolve to meet new goals and challenges.
It is no coincidence that by the end of 2017, the market for commercial data processing and storage centers in Russia grew by 14.5 billion rubles in absolute terms compared to 2016, which in relative terms corresponded to an increase of 11%. At the same time, the key condition for the development of the global economy remains the level of confidence of all segments of the population in digital products.
To explain the many manifestations of the phenomenon of trust or distrust in the digital economy products used on the Internet, as well as for the purposes of their classification, researchers often use the method of modeling.
According to the analysis scheme, i will conditionally divide all existing models in foreign literature into three groups.
The first group is based on the model of motivated action, which is tied to trust. As a result, a scheme of trust building is formed - from trusting beliefs through attitude to trust and intention to trust - to trust in behavior. Trusting beliefs are the criteria on which a person relies when deciding on the degree of trust in a partner. They include (with different variations):
- abilities;
- competence;
- straightforwardness;
- honesty;
- benevolence
As part of the new interesting directions in the study of trust, i note the attention to the factor of affect and emotions, the phenomenon of violations of trust and the possibilities of its recovery. Since the phenomenon of trust varies greatly from culture to culture, this has become a reason for scientists to take an interest in the field. According to the authors, there are task (activity) oriented cultures and relationship oriented cultures. Cultures that are more action-oriented, competitive, efficient (so-called male cultures) tend to give a more significant role to variable abilities. More future-oriented cultures (so-called female cultures) tend to pay more attention to the variable of goodwill.
Although these generalizations of the relationship between culture and trust are very broad, they nevertheless confirm the importance of more thorough research in this direction. I cannot but agree with this thesis, especially in relation to the Russian culture, in which the phenomenon of trust has recently experienced a crisis.