Twardowski was the editor of The New World for sixteen years: 1950-1954. and 1958-1970 He signed for printing a little less than 200 issues of the magazine. This is the whole literature.
Both times he was removed from the post of chief editor with a double motivation: "ideological errors" on the pages of the "New World" and his own unreliable work. 1954 - attempt to publish "Terkin in the Other World". 1970 - an attempt to print the poem "By the Right of Memory".
In 1958, Twardowski again took over the leadership of the magazine. Under the leadership of Twardowski, the "New World" met the needs of public consciousness, excited by the decisions of the 20th Congress of the CPSU. After the October 1964 coup, the prevalence of an anti-creation, bureaucratic atmosphere made the magazine for Tvardovsky "the most" liking "," the only conceivable form of literary and social activity ", consecrated by the example of Pushkin, Nekrasov and other Russian writers. The publication program of Twardowski outlined in the article "On the occasion of the anniversary" (No. 1 for 1965). It defined the "ideological and political positions" of the magazine: a true, realistic reflection of reality, in a simple but not simplified form, alien to formalistic intricacy, closer to the classical tradition, without avoiding new means of expression, justified by the content.
The magazine was distinguished by a special, New World ethic based on the need for truth. V. Ovechkin’s essays printed in the journal laid the foundation for a bold and honest statement of the acute issues of agricultural management. He was followed by E. Dorosh, G. Troepolsky, historian S. Utchenko.
Desires for documentary and factual, understanding of the value of personal testimonies, “human documents” appeared in such publications of the New World as memoirs “People, Years, Life” by I. Ehrenburg, “Years of War” by General A.V. Gorbatova, "In a foreign land" L.D. Lyubimova, "The Diary of Nina Kosterina", military-historical essays by S. S. Smirnov, notes by diplomat I.M. Maisky, historical and revolutionary memoirs by E. Drabkina and many other materials of extraordinary historical and literary value.
The materials of the department of journalism and science were full-fledged.
The magazine gathered around itself the best literary forces. The writers F. Abramov, V. Grossman, V. Bykov, V. Panova, I. Grekov, F. Iskander, Yu. Trifonov, E. Kazakevich, N. Ilyina, B. Mozhaev, V. Astafiev, from the elder collaborated in it generations - V. Kaverin, K. Paustovsky, V. Kataev; poets B. Pasternak, A. Akhmatova, N. Zabolotsky, O. Bergholz, M. Aliger, D. Samoilov, A. Zhigulin, A. Yashin; critics V. Lakshin, A. Sinyavsky, A. Svetov, I. Vinogradov, Art. Rassadin, M. Scheglov. The opening of the magazine was fresh literary forces - V. Semin, S. Zalygin, V. Voinovich, V. Tendryakov, Ch. Aitmatov, R. Gamzatov, Yu. Burtin. A special merit of Twardowski and his journal is the introduction to the literature of A.I. Solzhenitsyn with his story "One Day of Ivan Denisovich" (1962, No. 11). The magazine in these years has earned the attention and support of readers and in their eyes determined the level of then literature.
Twardowski encouraged the publication of honest memoirs, which were almost never published under Stalin. So, he published I. Ehrenburg’s memoirs “People, Years, Life,” A. Gorbatov, Army General, “Years of War”, as well as the essays by L. Lyubimov “In a Foreign Land” and “Notes of the Diplomat” by I. Maysky. In 1968, the publication of the autobiographical book of the revolutionary E. Drabkina “Winter Pass” began, interrupted after the release of the first part and resumed only after 20 years.
In addition to fiction and memoir literature, journalism and science were well represented: essays by V. Ovechkin, E. Dorosh and G. Troeposlky, historical essays by S. Utchenko were the decoration of this section of the New World. Literary criticism was of great importance: I. Vinogradov, A. Lebedev, V. Lakshin, Yu. Burtin, A. Sinyavsky, M. Shcheglov, I. Solovyov and St. Rassadin, supporting the ideas of Tvardovsky himself, fought with the official, deceitful fiction. Such a selection of authors, in general, the editorial activities of Alexander Trifonovich gave rise to Korney Chukovsky to say that “his activities” in the “New World” have no parallel, except perhaps Nekrasov. But it was much easier! "
The democratic direction of the magazine provoked attacks by conservative press organs (October magazine, Literary Life newspaper).
Censorship was rampant, as a result of which the magazine issues were constantly delayed by the exit. Readers reacted with understanding. Tvardovsky was forced to defend the magazine, go to the "court", "on the carpet" and "there is soap" (his words).