The machine is a link in the human-machine-machine-processed material-environment system. The car possesses a number of the properties characterizing its technical level and technical condition on which productivity and power consumption depend. The task of developers in the design and construction is to create a new machine that ensures the performance of a particular technological process and has better technical and economic indicators than existing machines of similar purpose.
- A machine is a mechanism or a set of mechanisms designed to convert one type of energy into another, to process (process) materials, to obtain and process information about the course of processes. Machines are divided into energy, work and information machines. In modern working machines, all three functions are interconnected. The complex branch of industry providing manufacture of tools of a breast is called mechanical engineering. Machine building unites about 20 branches; power engineering, machine-tool building, instrument making, automobile industry, tractor and agricultural machine building, construction-road and municipal machine-building, etc.
The machine is a link in the human-machine-machine-processed material-environment system.
- The task of manufacturing of a certain type of products must meet the established requirements. Technological requirements refer to the technology of manufacturing the product and determine the choice of certain technological processes that ensure its appropriate properties. Operational requirements refer to the conditions of product use: ease of operation, ease of maintenance and adjustment, the possibility of use in different climatic zones. Energy requirements determine the type of energy use, its specific costs. Economic - the cost per unit of production and its operation. Aesthetic - the appearance of the product, its compliance with fashion, consumer demands. Other requirements specific to certain types of products are also possible.
The car possesses a number of the properties characterizing its technical level and technical condition on which productivity and power consumption depend.
- The properties of materials are very diverse. Resistances overcome by the machine, kinematics and the principle of working equipment impact on the material depend on them. In turn, the material can be aggressive towards the environment and humans. The output of the system is finished products. Its quantity and quality is the final result of the system functioning. Quantity in the presence of material is determined by the performance of the human-machine subsystem. The quality is estimated by a set of properties among which it is possible to allocate some general: weight, the sizes, reliability, safety of operation, repairability, appearance, cost, service life, etc.
The task of developers in the design and construction is to create a new machine that ensures the performance of a particular technological process and has better technical and economic indicators than existing machines of similar purpose.
- Creation of the machine as a technical means designed to meet the needs of society is based on the study of the need for such a machine and the formulation of specific requirements for it. The next stage is the design, which includes the substantiation of the principle of action, the development of structural and constructive schemes, the choice of types and parameters of the main components. On this basis, the design is carried out, the result of which is the issuance of documentation sufficient for the further manufacture of the machine. Operation of the machines gives materials for their further improvement at the stages of design, construction and manufacturing, as well as affects the emergence of new needs.
- Research and development activities accompany all stages of machine development. The subject of scientific research is studying the needs of society and development of strategic directions to meet these needs, substantiation of requirements to technical means intended for further development of this or that branch of technology. The same applies to machine design and construction methods. Here there is a need to study new working processes of interaction of machines with environments and processed materials, which is a subject of scientific research. A wide field of activity of scientists opens up in the sphere of machine manufacturing, where the introduction of new technological principles that improve the quality of products, labour productivity, reduce the cost of production - the direct result of scientific research. Scientific researches are also necessary in the field of realization of production for development of methods of its rational use and maintenance, development of new requirements on its further perfection.