Man and Space.
Mankind has entered the space age. Nowadays, any educated person needs to know what space is and have an idea of the processes taking place in space.
Cosmos (from Greek kosmos - it is an order, device, order (in general, something ordered). Philosophers of Ancient Greece understood the word "space" as the Universe, considering it as an ordered harmonious system. Cosmos was opposed to disorder, chaos. For the ancient Greeks, the concepts of order and beauty in the phenomena of nature were closely connected. This point of view held in philosophy and science for a long time; not without reason even Copernicus believed that the orbits of the planets should be circles only because the circle is more beautiful than the ellipse.
In modern understanding the term "space" has several meanings: everything that is outside the Earth and its atmosphere; the area of space available for research from spacecraft.
We call space the space that surrounds our planet from all sides and is eternal and infinite. Cosmos originated from emptiness (or vacuum), but gave birth to many things, such as planets and stars.
The very first creatures to survive in space were the famous dogs Belka and Strelka. In the early '60s, there were no more popular dogs in the world than these Soviet mongrels. For the first time in a real spacecraft, they managed to fly around the planet for more than a day and return home alive and well!
After a successful flight into the space of animals, there was an open road to the stars. After 8 months on the same spacecraft, on which flew Belka and Strelka, a man went into space. For the first time in the world, a spaceship with a man on board broke into the universe.
And the first person who was destined to make this breakthrough into space was a citizen of the USSR - Yuri Gagarin. April 12, 1961, in the history of the planet was the greatest event, comparable only to the invention of the wheel or the alphabet. The millennial dream of all peoples - to overcome the gravity of their native planet - became a reality. For the first time it was convincingly proved that a man can live and work in outer space. The "timid" penetration of the Earth's atmosphere, according to Tsiolkovsky's idea, should have brought people "mountains of bread and the abyss of power".
