Elementary particle physics is a branch of physics that studies the structure and properties of elementary particles and their interactions. The purpose of this study is to understand how the inanimate natural world works and to establish the most common laws of nature. PEC has a history of more than a century, during which time a new concept of the quantum world has been formed, which is not inherent in classical physics. The main result of modern PMF is the construction of a standard model of the basic interactions (strong, weak, and electromagnetic) of quarks and lepton (the main "bricks" of the universe). The model is based on the special theory of relativity, the idea of local symmetry and the mechanism of spontaneous symmetry fracture (Braut – Engler – Higgs mechanism). In recent years, her predictions have been repeatedly tested in experiments. Currently, she is the only physics theory that can fully describe the structure of our world.
Speaking of particle physics, people always think that it is a highly sophisticated subject far away from life. In fact, particle physics is very close to our daily lives, often inadvertently passing us.
Diaper
Chemists first learned about the detailed wet structure of superabsorbent polymers using particle accelerators. These superabsorbent polymers are used in diapers, which allow them to adjust and improve the molecular formula of superabsorbent polymers to achieve the perfect material – a technique that has been used in diapers.
Heat shrink packaging
When you buy a fresh turkey, you should thank the particle accelerator, just because it makes the turkey fresh. For decades, the food industry has been using particle accelerators to produce high-strength heat-shrinkable films that allow turkeys—including fruits and vegetables, baked goods, chessboards, and DVDs—to be packaged.
Cargo compartment scanning
Every year, more than 2 billion tons of goods in the United States pass-through ports and waterways. Many ports now use high-energy X-rays generated by particle adders to identify contraband to ensure port security. These X-rays can penetrate deep and identify more details of the cargo compartment.
Magnetic resonance imaging
This invaluable medical technology is called magnetic resonance imaging, which enables detailed imaging of human soft tissue. Unlike X-rays, magnetic resonance imaging distinguishes gray matter from the white matter of the brain, distinguishes cancerous tissue from non-cancerous tissues, distinguishes muscles from organs, and exposes signs of blood flow and stroke.
Human development
Many people trained in particle physics are turning to industry, medicine, computers, or other fields where they can perform their strengths. You can often find a particle detector expert exploring a well or an accelerator scientist doing cancer treatment work.
Artificial heart valve
By using the accelerator to generate silver ion bombardment, physicists have devised a material that can be used to enhance the safety of artificial heart valves. The surface of the machined material prevents the body from treating the heart valve as an invasive object, thereby avoiding the creation of potentially dangerous additional tissue around it.
High-intensity light for research
The ring-shaped particle accelerator bends the trajectory of high-speed moving electrons, resulting in electron luminescence. This light is a powerful research tool in a variety of applications. Specialized synchrotron accelerators, also known as light sources, allow scientists to control the wavelength and intensity of light for better batteries, green energy, new high-performance materials, more effective drug treatment, and a deeper understanding of nature. High-intensity light for research.
Grid computing
The World Wide Web is not the only promotion of particle physics to computing. To meet the computational needs of LHC experiments, particle physicists have created the world's largest grid computing system, spanning more than 100 research institutions in 36 countries, greatly facilitating the development of global networks and distributed computers.
Furniture polishing
For a quarter of a century, many companies around the world have used electron beams generated by particle accelerators to create scratch-resistant, stain-resistant furniture. The surfaces of these treated stools, shelves and tables look like wood but are very wear-resistant.