Shandanma
It is a combination of horses that are mainly used for carrying. Produced in the Shandan Racecourse in Gansu, China, it is bred by the local horse and the hippo, and only contains 1/4 of the hippo blood. Named after identification in 1984. The body is strong, rich and powerful, and adaptable to the alpine mountains.
The head is medium and the neck is slightly inclined. A long, chest wide, straight back, short waist, wide and slightly oblique. The limbs are firm, the joints are strong, the tendons are obvious, the hind limbs are slightly outward, and the hoof is firm. The coat color is dominated by enamel, followed by black.
The average body size of the mare (cm): body height 138.5, body length 142.3, chest circumference 169.3, tube circumference 17.6. In the Qilian Mountains at an altitude of 2,800 to 4,000 meters, the average weight of 100 kilograms is 200 kilometers, which lasts for 5 days, including rushing, wading and turning over mountains.
The ride test record is 1600 meters for 2 minutes and 11 seconds; 5000 meters for 8 minutes and 13 seconds. The sidestep of 1000 meters is 2 minutes and 11 seconds, and the maximum pulling force is 455 kilograms, which is equivalent to 91% of the body weight. The single-horse driving two-wheeled plastic car weighs 500 kilograms and has a speed of 15 kilometers per hour. Hereditary stability.
Dutch warmblood Dutch Warmblood (KWPN)
To say which kind of horse, like a star, quickly blush, that is the Dutch warm blood horse. This is a new breed. The Netherlands began to have a pedigree register in 1958, but now it has become the most successful, popular and popular equestrian competition and riding horse in the world.
The warm-blooded horse of the Netherlands is a new product of the twentieth century. It is different from the warm-blooded horse that existed before the twentieth century. It is a warm-blooded horse specially developed for the equestrian competition. Although this is a breed created by the Dutch, it should be considered a European breed, because, in addition to the Netherlands, there are British, Spanish, French and German bloodlines.
The origin of the Dutch warm-blooded horse comes from two local breeds in the Netherlands, Gelderlander and Groningen, which are in fact related to the local soil. In the middle of the Netherlands, the local soil is sandy, and the horses developed are lighter. The local area of Groningen is hard clay, and the growing horse is relatively heavy. However, the genes of the two varieties are compatible, so the breeder often adds the Groningenma lineage to the lineage of Gelderland to increase the weight of Gelderlander and vice versa.
Both the Gelderland and the Groningen horses are varieties that have been in the Netherlands and its adjacent areas since the Middle Ages. Helderlandma has Andalusian, Neapolitan, Norman, Norfolk Roadster, Oldenburg, Holstein, Germany. The Anglo-Norman, Hackney and Thoroughbred lines of England. The Groningen horse is produced by the cross between the Frisian of Denmark and the Oldenburg of Germany.
Since ancient times, Dutch farmers have relied on horses to establish a strict method of cultivating horses to eliminate the shortcomings of health and character in breeds, as well as horses with insufficient intelligence. This rigorous screening method has created today's warm-blooded horse in the Netherlands.
The mechanization after the industrial revolution turned the use of horses into leisure riding and sports, and the Dutch once again succeeded in demonstrating their cultivation techniques. The two varieties of Helderlandma and Groningenma have some exciting common features: gorgeous movements, good basic structure, quality of style, ability to grow steadily, and gentle and cooperative temperament.
The Dutch introduced British thoroughbred horses to increase their courage and to improve defects that sometimes occur, such as long backs, too short necks, too short and too weak forelimbs.
The relatively light movements are also brought by pureblood horses and in order to remove the unruly qualities that come with purebred horses, not only the introduction of other Dutch natives but also the introduction of French Selle Francias, Germany's Hanoverian and Holstein pedigrees to improve the final variety.
In addition, the British Hackney was introduced to cultivate beautiful horses, and some people continued to cultivate the traditional Helderland horses, and finally evolved into three categories of Dutch warm blood horses.
Continuation in the next part... (https://zen.yandex.ru/profile/editor/id/5d92511b5ba2b500adbc59e6/5d959aa0ec575b00afa30028/edit)