To carry out the design of a garden it is first of all necessary to consider some preliminary considerations, namely:
- extension of the available area
- exposure
- weather conditions
- type of lighting and sunshine
- soil composition
- compatibility between the species of plants to be housed
As for the types of plants to be planted in the garden, you can choose:
- trees (if the size of the land allows it)
- shrubby plants (if space is more content)
- climbing plants (if the need arises to coat walls, espaliers or palisades)
- evergreen plants (when you want to keep the garden alive even during the winter season)
- flowering plants (to set up vases or create flower beds with ornamental purposes)
- herbaceous plants (when it is preferred to create small green areas)
- succulent plants (for selected gardens and with a rather warm climate)
- Mediterranean maquis plants (to be housed in areas with a hot, humid climate)
- aquatic plants (if a body of water is present)
In a garden that is balanced from a landscape point of view, it is essential to create distinct areas with different characteristics, so as to make its aesthetic appearance varied and pleasant.
It is therefore advisable to distinguish:
SHADOWS AREAS
They are areas where the arboreal or bushy component prevails, with thick and abundant foliage.
° CHESTNUT
It is a very long-lived deciduous and deciduous tree. It has an imposing and columnar trunk, up to 30 40 meters high, covered with a smooth and shiny greyish-brown bark. It supports a thick crown with a rounded shape. The leaves are lanceolate, with a serrated edge, coriaceous, with a sharp apex, dark green and with an alternate insertion.
The male flowers are gathered in white glomeruli, while the female ones are isolated and wrapped in bracts. The fruit (the chestnut, edible and tasty for humans) has a roundish appearance, with a leathery consistency, with a pointed end and the other convex, of brown color. It is enclosed by a thorny hedgehog that spontaneously opens at the time of maturation. It requires a fresh and deep soil, rich in organic substances, with an acid component. The plant lives well in temperate climates, even if it shows a good adaptation, since it is a rustic species. It must be fertilized at least twice a year with mature manure rich in phosphorus and potassium
° ALLORO
It is an evergreen shrubby plant, up to 10 15 meters high, also suitable for creating ornamental and fragrant hedges. It has a smooth and dark brown bark. The leaves are elongated, with continuous, shiny and perfumed margins due to the presence of resin glands. The male flowers are yellow, while the female ones are white. The fruits are black drupes. It requires a fertile and very compact soil, well drained and enriched with peat, humus and organic substances. It prefers a temperate climate, with temperatures never below zero, and should live in well sunny and bright areas.
FIORITE ZONES
They mainly serve a decorative purpose and are formed by flowering plants both in pots and in soil (flower beds or borders).
° ROSE
It is an extremely widespread flowering plant, which is used in setting up flower beds or borders, or to fill ornamental vases. It has an erect stem, stiff, covered with thorns, dark green. The leaves are oval in shape, with a continuous margin, inserted (in groups of 3 or 5) on a thorny twig, dark green. The flowers have a corolla with many rounded petals, of a fleshy consistency, extremely perfumed and with colors varying between white, pink and red. The plant has an abundant flowering and extends from spring to most of the summer, reaching its maximum luxuriance in May. It requires a soft and well-drained soil, fertile for the addition of organic material and peat. It must be fertilized at least every 2 months using specific fertilizers for flowering plants.
° GLYCINE
It is a shrubby, climbing, flowering plant, very suitable for creating colorful and fragrant walls in the garden. It has a woody stem with a twisted structure. The leaves are bipinnate and consist of many small light green leaves. The flowers are gathered in conical, highly perfumed, violet-colored cluster inflorescences. It requires a soft, fertile, well-drained soil with a clayey component. It must be housed in sunny areas and at mild temperatures as it fears cold and drafts. Fertilization is recommended at least every 6 months with slow-release fertilizers.
to draw a garden: AQUATIC ZONES
°NINFEA
It is an aquatic, flowery, ornamental plant. It has a stem, up to 2 meters long, placed under the surface of the water, anchored to the bottom, where the roots need a soil rich in organic material and peat. The leaves are large, bright green, well separated from each other. The hermaphrodite flowers have a corolla with white petals, of a fleshy consistency, which open only when they are struck by the sun's rays. For this reason it is advisable to house the plant in full sun.