Violation of the Treaty of Versailles
The terms of the treaty from the defeated countries were mainly violated by Germany. The rest were readied to trade, including at the expense of Germany. It turned out that contract needed to be adjusted somehow. It turned out that in Germany there was almost no possibility to pay according to the terms of reparations. In 1923, the country experienced one of the largest inflation in world history. In the same year, the Communists revolted in Hamburg, and a Beer Putsch took place in Munich — Hitler's first attempt to seize power. The stamp, the German currency, fell, fell, and fell. It seemed that the republic, which was created after the end of World War I, was in danger. One of the conditions for a way out of the crisis was the so-called Doses' plan to provide loans to Germany. The idea was for Germany to spin up its economic machine and get an opportunity to pay reparations. It is important to understand that the Entente's tough policy towards Germany pushed it closer to Soviet Russia. And in 1922, Germany and Soviet Russia signed the Reinaldo Treaty on the outskirts of Genoa, during the Genoa Conference. This was the first full recognition of Soviet Russia. The agreement was accompanied by the signing of secret agreements on military cooperation that violated the terms of the Treaty of Versailles. Cooperation lasted by inertia even after Hitler came to power, when the terms of the Treaty of Versailles were completely violated. The year 1935 was also marked by the formal rejection of the Versailles peace system. Hitler officially announced the creation of a mass armed force Based on general conscription, the German troops were introduced into the Rhine demilitarized zone. The growing German army, preparing for war, stood on the French border.
The significance of the Treaty of Versailles
The signing of the Versailles Treaty has had a major impact on history, including the long-term. On the one hand, some very important parameters for the existence of peace between wars were defined. The first international organization, the League of Nations, was established. Its experience, both positive and negative, was later used in the creation of the United Nations. In fact, the outcome of the First World War was a serious blow not only to the defeated, but also to the victors.
Great Britain seemed to be one of the main winners, it received important German former colonies. Parts of the territory of the former Ottoman Empire was de facto included in the British Empire as mandated territories of the League of Nations; territories such as present-day Jordan, Iraq and Palestine were transferred to England. Of course, it was not going to grant them any independence for a long time. It had turned out that high principles of the right of nations to self-determination had not been respected, and uprisings had broken out in India and Egypt in 1919. Egypt and India were dissatisfied with English colonial domination and dreamed of independence.
China was formally considered an ally of England, France, Japan and the United States of America.
But, as already noted, some Chinese territories were taken over by Japan. A mass movement emerged, with young people at the forefront. Nationalist slogans were put forward, and as a result, the Communist Party of China was formed. It was created by young people dissatisfied with the conditions of Paris Peace Conference. There is a view that World War I gave birth to World War II, largely because the terms of the Versailles Peace Treaty concealed the contradictions, and conflicts that led to a new international global conflict. However, it should be understood that the participants of the events had some freedom of choice. Nevertheless, the Versailles peace system could not create a long-term peace.
If we talk about the positive impact of the Treaty of Versailles, the very idea of democratic peace continued to live on. Many events in the historical memory of different states were recorded by the First World War and how the war ended. For some countries, the First World War is even bigger than the Second World War. The behavior of certain states during the Second, World War reflects the course of the First World War. For example, for the French society it is a colossal trauma. Their desire to avoid war at all costs affected French politicians on the eve of and during the Second, World War. Belgium's reluctance to resist Germany, during the Second, World War is partly due to the memory of the losses that Belgium suffered during the First, World War. Hitler, on the other hand, mobilized the Germans until 1945, saying as a spell:“The year 1918 must never happen again. And many Germans believed that this could not be worse.