A little bit about the development of movements
From 1 to 3 years old, the baby has to develop almost all the major movements. It seems as if he knows how to do everything, but still acts uncertainly and sometimes awkwardly. First of all, pay attention to walking. It needs to be improved during the second and even third year.
A child of 2-3 years old should be able to run. Running can sometimes develop as fast as walking, but he can run well not yet soon.
More difficult for the baby climbing and throwing, where many useful movements develop in parallel, especially the hands and fingers, improving the coordination of movements, agility, eyes.
Look at your baby - he just recently got up and learned to walk, and is already trying to climb, crawl and crawl somewhere, and throw toys, a ball, push and roll it - for him it is a pleasure. So what - he does not need to learn anything, all the movements he will master and so on? And yes, and no.
Don't think that after the child is on his feet, everything will go by itself. Unlike animals, children have very few congenital motor reflexes. The vast majority of motor skills arise in them as a result of learning. And it is necessary to teach systematically and persistently, building on the successes already achieved and coordinating the lessons with the age peculiarities of the child.
It is important not to miss the time. Remember that the correct physical education in this age period largely depends on the further successful development of the baby.
How do you feel about morning gymnastics?
Of course, positive. But, unfortunately, not all families, it is not firmly entrenched in life. Maybe now for the sake of your baby's health you will do it?
Morning exercises can and should be performed systematically from the age of two, as it develops motor skills, strengthens muscles, creates the right posture, trains and strengthens the activity of all organs and systems.
Morning exercises prepares the child's body for the load that he will experience during the day. Well, if you do it with him, the whole family, it is of great educational importance, not to mention the benefits for the health of parents.
For a 2-3-year-old kid, it should be conducted in the form of a game in which you include introductory walking, a few special exercises and the final run with the transition to walking. Be sure to consider the following sequence of exercises.
Firstly, you should do exercises for the shoulder belt of the breathing type, for example, raising your hands to the sides and lowering them forward and to the sides or with your palms on the chest level and behind your back. This helps to straighten the torso and to form the correct posture. This is followed by exercises to strengthen the muscles of the back and abdomen, develop spine flexibility, such as a gentle head-to-head squat or a forward tilt of the body. The hands touch the shins, then the torso is straightened, and the hands are pulled behind the back. Both of these exercises are more stressful and should be followed by lighter (breathing) exercises. Then, again, an exercise that promotes the expansion of the chest, such as raising the arms to the sides to shoulder level and lowering them.
How many times do I have to repeat each exercise? This depends on the readiness of the child. Exercises with high load (squat, inclination) are repeated no more than 2-3 times, and with less load (for the shoulder belt) - 5 - 6 times.
Then it is necessary to run or bounce for a short time (10-15 s). Finish the morning exercise by walking to bring the body to normal calmness. When walking, make sure that the baby stays straight, stretching his shoulders, but lowered his head, moving his hands freely, breathing through the nose. Walking can be accompanied by music or singing, clapping, the words "one-two, one-two, one-two".
Choose cheerful rhythmic music for gymnastics. Encourage the child more, try to create a good mood. And what's more important, do it with by himself.
Let's talk about hardening
To harden a young child is to develop the ability to withstand cooling. Unfortunately, many parents and even some health workers believe that young children should not be hardened, but protected from the slightest cooling. This is a serious mistake. Greenhouse conditions do not improve the health of the baby, but on the contrary, weaken him.
Children must be hardened and as early as possible, literally from the first days of life. Only it should be done not in a template, but taking into account age peculiarities and development. Numerous observations proved that children hardened from an early age, very rarely suffer from respiratory diseases, pneumonia.
The effect of hardening in young children can be achieved only with strict observance of the following basic rules: individual approach to the child, gradual and systematic hardening, as well as a positive attitude of the baby to hardening procedures.