5. Leading the drawing of a new human brain map
The team of the Brain Network Research Center of the Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiang Tianzi team, together with other teams at home and abroad, successfully mapped out a new human brain map, the brain network group map, published online in the international academic journal "cerebral cortex". The research team broke through the bottleneck of the traditional brain map drawing for more than 100 years, and proposed a new idea and method for drawing the brain network group map using the brain structure and function connection information. The map consists of 246 sub-regions of fine brain regions, which are 4 to 5 times finer than the traditional Brodmann maps. With objective and accurate boundary localization, the first-time bio-brain connection map on the macro scale is established. Brain network group maps open up new ways to understand the structure and function of human brain, and provide important inspiration for the design of future brain-like intelligence systems. It will also lay the foundation for a new generation of diagnosis and treatment techniques for neurological and psychiatric diseases. The location of the brain injury area and the location of epileptic lesions, and the precise resection of glioma in neurosurgery provide help to improve the quality of diagnosis and treatment.
6. China's first super-application award
The "10 million nuclear scalable global atmospheric dynamics full implicit simulation" jointly developed by the Institute of Software of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Tsinghua University and Beijing Normal University won the highest award in the field of high performance computing in the world - "Gordon Bell Award". The research team proposes a full implicit solver algorithm that adapts to the heterogeneous many-core environment. On the one hand, it can bring about the improvement of numerical simulation efficiency for a long time, on the other hand, it can fully explore the powerful computing power of “Shenwei·Taihu Light”. . Since the release of the "Shenwei·Taihu Light" system since June 20, many application team projects at home and abroad have made breakthroughs through the use of this system, and have achieved more than 100 application results, involving climate meteorology, ocean, aerospace, biology, materials. 19 applications in high energy physics, medicine, and life sciences. The first award for the first time in super-applications indicates that Chinese researchers are turning the speed advantage of super-computing into an application advantage, indicating that China's super-calculation has achieved speed advantage while narrowing the gap with the world's advanced level in the application field.
7. First to solve the mystery of photosynthesis supramolecular structure
The research team of the Institute of Biophysics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has made important breakthroughs in photosynthesis research, and has taken the lead in international analysis of the high-resolution three-dimensional structure of higher plant spinach photosynthesis super complexes. The research was published in the May issue of Nature. The study of structure-based photosynthesis mechanism has important theoretical significance, and will also provide inspiring solutions for solving energy, food, and environmental problems. The research team analyzed the higher plant (spinach) photosystem II-light-harvesting complex II super-membrane protein by single-particle cryo-electron microscopy using the latest single-particle cryo-electron microscopy technique at 3.2 angstroms (1 angstrom = 0.1 nm) resolution. The three-dimensional structure of the complex is the first to solve the mystery of photosynthesis supramolecular structure, and obtains important structural information related to the mutual assembly principle and energy transfer process between the peripheral light-harvesting antennas, in order to realize the conversion of light energy to clean energy hydrogen. Inspiring solution.