4. Methane efficient conversion research has achieved a major breakthrough
Based on the new concept of “nano-limited catalysis”, the team led by Bao Xinhe and the academician of Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences creatively constructed a silicide lattice-limited single-center iron catalyst, successfully achieving methane activation under anaerobic conditions. High-value production of high-value chemicals such as ethylene, aromatics and hydrogen in one step. Compared with the traditional route of natural gas conversion, this technology completely abandons the high-energy synthesis gas preparation process, greatly shortens the process route, and the reaction process itself achieves zero carbon dioxide emission, and the carbon atom utilization efficiency reaches 100%. Related results were published in the journal Science. Relevant experts believe that this is a new technology that is about to change the world. The future promotion and application will open up new ways for the efficient use of natural gas and shale gas. At present, patent applications related to this technology have entered the United States, Russia, Japan, Europe and other countries and regions.
5. The first rice in the super rice is broken by 1,000 kilograms.
The national “863” project led by the team of the academician Yuan Longping of Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center has made a major breakthrough in the “Molecular Breeding and Variety Creation of Super High-yield Rice”. On September 24th and October 10th, 2014, experts from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xie Huaan, and the team leader of the Ministry of Agriculture, and the director of the China National Rice Research Institute, were experts in the village. And the Red Star Village on-site production, the average yield per mu reached 1006.1 kg and 1026.70 kg, the first realization of the goal of super rice 100 acres over a thousand kilograms, creating a milestone world record. This is the first time that the Ministry of Agriculture has organized national-level production and acceptance inspections for thousands of kilograms of super rice. In 2014, “Y Liangyou 900” carried out high-yield demonstrations in 30 demonstration films in 13 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions across the country, and still achieved a bumper harvest in a less favorable climate.
6. The highest energy proton cyclotron is first launched
On July 4, 2014, the 100 mega-electron proton cyclotron built by the China Institute of Atomic Energy was first launched. This marked the completion of the key facilities of the national key technology project-the tandem accelerator upgrade project. The accelerator is the largest compact high-current proton cyclotron in the world, and it is also the highest energy proton cyclotron developed by China. Its design breaks through the international practice of separating fans or spiral fans in the energy range of 70 MeV or more, indicating that China has mastered a series of innovative technologies in this field. After the completion of the project, it will fill the gap of China's medium-energy high-current proton cyclotron, making China one of the few countries with a new generation of radioactive nuclear beam accelerators. It is expected to achieve breakthrough results in frontier fields such as national defense nuclear science research, new nuclear synthesis, astrophysics research, medical isotope research and development, and cancer treatment technology research.
7. First human glucose transporter structure
The research team of Professor Yan Ning of Tsinghua University Medical College first analyzed the crystal structure of human glucose transporter GLUT1 in the world, and revealed its working mechanism and pathogenesis of related diseases. According to reports, this achievement is not only a major breakthrough in the research of glucose transporter, but also provides an important molecular basis for understanding the transport mechanism of other sugar transporters with important physiological functions, revealing that the basic substances that sustain life in the human body enter the cell membrane. The process of transshipment has important guiding significance for human beings to further understand the life process. After the publication of Nature, the Nobel Prize-winning chemist Brian Kbilka evaluated the development of drugs for human diseases and the importance of obtaining human transporter structures. So this is a great achievement. The results are self-evident for studying cancer and diabetes.