The telescope on the sun can only be viewed two times with your right eye and then your left eye.
Observation of the sun
Observation of the Sun requires the use of special equipment and special training before observation. This is due to the fact that the Sun has a sufficiently high brightness, ie, therefore, the aperture of the telescope should not be very large. Though here it is necessary to notice that the Sun is not the most powerful star in the Universe, and its brightness is caused only by affinity to the Earth (therefore our Star shines 500 000 times brighter than the full Moon). It is because of this brightness that it is harmful and dangerous to see the sun in the daytime with the naked eye or with a normal binoculars and telescope. This requires special dimming filters to dampen the sun's brightness. They are installed in front of the binoculars or telescope lens. Although, despite the effectiveness of the filters, it is still recommended to use another way of observation - to project the solar image through the telescope on a white screen and study sunspots, as well as granulation and torches on the surface of the Sun directly from the screen. Thus, the Sun can be observed using even a small amateur telescope.
It should be taken into account that the Earth's atmosphere is a major impediment to the observation of the Sun (as well as other space objects) since most of the invisible (as well as visible) radiation is absorbed by the air and does not reach the Earth's surface. Therefore, of course, it is best to observe the Sun from a high mountain, where the atmospheric layer is much thinner. It is not without reason that many observatories are located at high altitudes.
Special solar telescopes
Now a few words about special solar telescopes. The design of the solar telescope is quite cumbersome (sometimes it can reach tens of meters!), so it is difficult to rotate it. Although this is not necessary, as the position of the Sun in the sky is limited to a belt of only 46 degrees. In addition to this, often solar telescopes make stationery and illuminate them with solar rays with rotating mirrors (such mirrors rotate around an axis parallel to the axis of rotation of the Earth with the help of a special clockwork). Modern telescopes, as a rule, are constructed in the form of a tower on which similar mirrors are established above. In addition to the telescope and mirrors, there are other additional devices for analyzing the data obtained during the observation of the Sun. This is, above all, a spectrograph in which the length of the visible spectrum of the Sun reaches ten meters. Then, from this spectrum, several narrow areas are selected, which in turn are measured by photographic and photovoltaic methods.
So, now, after a brief review of possible instruments for the study of the Sun, we can move directly to observation. First of all, the diameter of the Sun's disk should be determined before the observation itself (when using the projection on the screen). For this purpose, it is necessary to consider the brightness of the image which gives a concrete telescope. As a rule, the most convenient diameters are 15 cm. Further, it is necessary to point correctly a telescope at the Sun. For this purpose usually use a shadow from a telescope on the screen, thus if a shadow a straight line (instead of distorted) the Sun will be in a field of view of a telescope. At supervision of the Sun through a projection on the screen it is necessary in advance on this screen to draw a circle of necessary diameter, and then already to adjust the screen so that the image of the Sun precisely coincided with a circle.
Further, there is a detailed sketch of a disk of the Sun (that is a sketch of formations on a disk). Only it is not necessary to be carried away by small details not to mix up with scale. Here it is necessary to include the description of the atmosphere. For example: "The sky is clear without clouds, the atmosphere of calm shaking of the image is not present". Having drawn separate details, it is necessary to number them, and on the most general image of the Sun to note orientation on the parties of horizon, and also a daily parallel.
Of course, speaking about the observation of the Sun, it is necessary to say a few words about the observation of the solar eclipse. Solar eclipse, as well as simply the Sun, is better to observe by means of projection on the white screen (it can be a white sheet or even a T-shirt). When observing a solar eclipse, it is always interesting to note the moments when the eclipse starts and ends. When observing an eclipse, note the irregularities in the lunar edge, which are essentially lunar mountains and craters. Interest in observing solar eclipses is usually a silver-pearl crown, which extends up to 10 degrees from the Sun, and consists of an outer crown (these are contrasting details - rays, plow, helmets, feathers, arches), and an inner crown, which is located at the edge of the Sun (contrasting fine details). A few seconds before a complete solar eclipse, you can see the solar chromosphere in the form of a bright orange ring, over which stretches a layer of protuberances (emissions of substances of different sizes). If the telescope is powerful enough to notice the rough edge of the Sun - the spicules that form the outer boundary of the chromosphere.