During the whole history of Ukraine none of the domestic military leaders received such recognition in the world as Hetman P. Sahaydachny (c. 1570 - April 10, 1622). Military figures, natives of our region, as General I.Chernyakhovsky, marshals P.Batitsky, P.Rybalko, K.Moskalenko, R.Malinovsky, A.Eremenko (all in the USSR), four-star general S.Yaskilka (USA), had brilliant military talent, but he was not devoted to power making. Sahaydachny belongs to those personalities of national history to whom modern Ukraine owes its independence.
He was a supporter of the idea of establishing a state on the banks of the Dnieper River under the leadership of the Cossack military and political elite.
Hetman's contemporary Semigrid Prince Bathlen-Gabor said that "... the Cossack people can separate from Poland and build a separate Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, if only they find a clever and noble leader and initiator for their struggle ..."[11]. This conclusion is still valid today.
Hetman P. Sahaydachny took the first concrete steps towards the realization of the idea of the formation of the Ukrainian state - he laid the foundations of its future administrative structure. The military unit of Kievan Rus' and Galicia-Volhynia power - the regiment also became an administrative-territorial unit.
The name of the regiments came from the names of the cities and towns where they were based. Hetman M. Doroshenko completed this reform as Sahaydachny died as a result of his wounds near Khotyn.
It was Sahaydachny from the Ukrainian Orthodox gentry from Sambor on the Podkarpattya (now Lviv region). He received his education at the Ostrog Greek-Slavic-Latin Academy. Since 1601 on Zaporizhzhya Sich. Participated in campaigns to Moldova and Livonia. In 1606 (according to other data in 1601) he was first elected a hetman of the Ukrainian Cossacks. Thanks to him, the Cossack army turned into a regular army, increased up to 50 thousand and actually equaled the number of the Polish army.
Sahaydachny became famous as the organizer of military campaigns of Zaporozhye Cossacks against Turks, Tatars and Muscovites. In Soviet times, for this reason, he was forgotten. Under his command the Cossacks conquered Ochakov, Varna, Perekop, Sinop, trapezund and Kafu. In the latter, the largest slave market in the east operated. Cossacks under his command, defeating the Turkish-Tatar troops each time they returned thousands of Ukrainians to their homeland.
In 1618, Hetman Sagaidachny headed the 10 thousandth Cossack army and took part in the campaign of the Polish queen Vladislav to Moscow in order to win the royal throne. The matter is that the Moscow semiboyarshchina has elected the queen-keeper as the Moscow tsar. But in due course boyars have come to their senses and have put M.Romanov on a throne.
The Cossack army in the campaign to Moscow conquered the cities of Livny, Elets, easily defeated the tsarist army, which was commanded by famous from the history of voivodes, in particular, Pozharsky, and became in front of the Kremlin. But just at this time, mercenary detachments rebelled, which Vladislav did not pay for service, and the Queen did not give the command to storm the Kremlin. However, as a result of the campaign Poland received Smolensk and Siversk land.
"Pyotr Sahaydachny belonged to a reasonable Cossack foreman, who really appreciated the military capabilities of the Zaporizhzhya Army at the time. Hetman defended the interests of the Ukrainian people through negotiations and compromises with the Polish government"[12].
In 1621, he submitted to the Polish King Sigismund III and the government of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth a proposal to grant rights and privileges to the Orthodox population of Ukraine and the Cossack army, the implementation of which would mean granting Ukraine the status of autonomy within Poland.
Thus, the following conclusions can be drawn
1. Pyotr Sahaydachny belonged to a reasonable Cossack foreman, who really appreciated the military capabilities of the Zaporizhzhya Army at the time. Hetman defended the interests of the Ukrainian people through negotiations and compromises with the Polish government
2. There was Sagaidachny from the Ukrainian Orthodox gentry from Sambor on the Podkarpattya (now Lviv region). He received his education in the Ostrog Greek-Slavic-Latin Academy. Since 1601 on Zaporizhzhya Sich. Participated in campaigns to Moldova and Livonia. In 1606 (according to other data in 1601) he was first elected a hetman of the Ukrainian Cossacks. Thanks to him, the Cossack army turned into a regular army, increased up to 50 thousand and actually equaled the number of the Polish army.
3. Sagaidachny became famous as the organizer of military campaigns of Zaporozhye Cossacks against Turks, Tatars and Muscovites. In Soviet times, for this reason, he was forgotten. Under his command the Cossacks conquered Ochakov, Varna, Perekop, Sinop, trapezund and Kafu. In the latter, the largest slave market in the east operated. Cossacks under his command, defeating the Turkish-Tatar troops each time they returned thousands of Ukrainians to their homeland.
4. Hetman P. Sahaydachny took the first concrete steps in the direction of realization of the idea of formation of the Ukrainian state and laid the foundation of its future administrative structure. The military unit of Kyivan Rus' and Galicia-Volhynia power regiment also became an administrative-territorial unit.