Dolphin IQ is difficult to measure
Dolphins can make a variety of difficult acrobatic movements, apparently a fairly intelligent marine animal. But what about the actual intelligence of the dolphins? In psychology, the term intelligence generally includes three meanings: one is the ability to adapt to different situations; the other is the ability to learn from experience; the third is to use abstract symbols such as language or symbols to engage in the abstract. The ability to think.
According to the behavior of wild dolphins. As well as the fact that the dolphins communicate with humans during acrobatics, it is speculated that the dolphins have strong adaptability and learning ability; however, it is not yet possible to prove that dolphins use language or symbols for abstract thinking. But even without scientifically conclusive evidence, one cannot think that dolphins have no abstract thinking ability.
If the dolphins really have the ability to think abstractly, how does it use this ability? And how much is it? These are all interesting questions. But now, it is not easy to find the answers to these questions, because even the wisdom of human beings has many unknowns.
Although dolphins are mammals like humans, because of the different environments in which they live, there are not many opportunities for mutual contact. Therefore, human understanding of the potential abilities of dolphins is very limited. So, what method does humanity used to study and explore the intelligence of dolphins?
At present, most of them adopt the following two methods: one is to estimate the potential ability of the dolphins according to the anatomical features of the dolphins; the other is to actually observe the behavior of the wild dolphins, and proceed from the purpose and function of the behavior, speculating its wisdom High and low.
The brain is not developed inferior to primates
From an anatomical point of view, the dolphin's brain is very developed, not only large but also heavy. The sulfur on the cerebral hemisphere of the dolphin crisscrosses to form complex wrinkles. The number of cells and nerve cells per unit volume in the cerebral cortex is very large, and the distribution of nerves is quite complicated. For example, the Atlantic bottlenose dolphins weigh 250 kilograms, while the brain weighs about 1500 grams (this value is similar to the adult male brain weight of 1400 grams). The ratio of brain weight to body weight is about 0.6, which is much lower than humans. 1.93, but more than primates such as gorillas or monkeys.
As for the wrinkles formed by the sulfur on the dolphin in the cerebral hemisphere, according to research, the Atlantic bottlenose dolphins have more wrinkles than humans and are more complicated. Their cerebral cortex surface area is 2,500 square centimeters, which is 1.5 humans. The dolphin brain has a density of nerve cells that is almost indistinguishable from humans or chimpanzees. In other words, the number of nerve cells in the dolphin brain is more than that of humans or chimpanzees. Therefore, whether it is the ratio of brain weight to body weight or the number of wrinkles in the cerebral cortex, the memory capacity or information processing ability of the brain of the Atlantic bottle nose dolphin is comparable to that of the primate.
Try to understand the language of the dolphins
Because the memory capacity and information processing ability of the dolphin brain are comparable to those of primates, if humans can communicate with dolphins, they should obtain valuable information about marine animals and learn different expressions and modes of thinking. Diving with dolphins will reveal that dolphins are quite noisy animals. According to the recording survey records, the dolphins use the ultrasonic screams of frequencies above 200-350 kHz for echolocation, while the human hearing range is between 16-20 kHz, and humans cannot hear the dolphin echolocation. Ultrasonic waves emitted. Therefore, the dolphins we hear in the water may be part of the low-frequency sound used by the dolphins to communicate with each other.
The prerequisite for human beings to communicate with dolphins is to understand the language of the dolphins so that the relationship between the sounds and behaviors of the dolphins must be analyzed. In fact, dolphins can be analyzed as long as appropriate recording equipment is available. However, the parallel connection between sound and behavior is not easy to grasp. At present, people cannot know exactly what the various sounds of dolphins contain.
In order for humans to communicate with dolphins, the second method is to let dolphins learn the human language. More than 20 years ago, experts at the Ocean University of America developed the intelligence of dolphins in this way. At present, under the training of experts, dolphins have been able to learn and understand the meaning of single words and compound sentences from the gestures of trainers and can respond appropriately, but they have not been able to reach the realm of free exchange of information with people.
Whether it is to study the relationship between dolphin sound and behavior, or to teach dolphins to learn human language, in the current progress, the ultimate goal of mutual understanding and communication between humans and dolphins is still quite far.
How dolphin sleep
The dolphins seem to be swimming all the time without sleep. The dolphins are mammals that originally inhabited the land and later returned to the water to live and breathe with the lungs. If they continue to sleep in the water, the dolphins will die because they cannot breathe. Do they really don't need to sleep? If they sleep, do they sleep on land or sleep in the sea?
In fact, if we can carefully observe the dolphins for a while, we will find that when they swim, they sometimes close one of them. After investigating their brain waves, they learned that the brain on one side of them would sleep. That is, although they continue to swim, the brains on the left and right sides take turns to rest.
If we can work as a dolphin while sleeping, the left and right brains alternate with each other, and we can use it with one heart. When we are sleeping, we are not afraid to sit down.
Continued in the 3 part... (https://zen.yandex.ru/profile/editor/id/5d92511b5ba2b500adbc59e6/5d93addee4f39f00b4f3ff32/edit)