Of all the developmental periods of a child, adolescence is the most difficult, if not the most dangerous. This is the period that brings the greatest headaches to parents and teachers, as well as to law enforcement agencies. The main thing in the life of a teenager becomes a peer, and a special problem is a child's lie.
Today, lies are so natural that they have penetrated into all spheres of human activity. Everyone has been deceived at least once in his life and has deceived others more than once. Teenage lies have their own characteristics, types and motives. It is associated with the originality of age-related crises occurring in the process of development.
Teenage lies have their own characteristics, types and motifs. It is associated with the originality of age-related crises occurring in the development process. The most common motifs of teenage lies: avoiding punishment, the desire to get something that otherwise would not get, protection of friends from trouble, self-defense or protection of another person and others.
At this age, learning activities are also valuable and continue to be a leading activity. Theoretical reflexive thinking continues to develop. Piaget emphasizes the stage of formal operations at this age. Gradually, mental operations turn into a single integral structure. A teenager, abstracting from a concrete, visual material, argues in purely verbal terms. He can operate with hypotheses, analyze abstract ideas. At this age, logical thinking develops. Intellect is a very general mental ability, which, in particular, includes the ability to reason, plan, solve problems, abstract thinking, understanding complex ideas, rapid learning, learning from one's own and others' experience. Intellect is not just about the ability to learn from books, or a narrow academic skill, or the ability to solve tests and take exams.Intellect means a much wider and deeper ability to understand the world around you to catch, to understand things, to make optimal decisions.
1. Lies and intelligence as psychological phenomena
The concept of lie, functions, types and causes of lies.
Psychologists who study the problems of lies argue that lying is more difficult than telling the truth. Lies always take the form of minor changes in human behavior. But to find it, as S.V. Asimov thinks, is an art that is acquired with the help of certain knowledge, skillful use of it and, of course, with what is called life experience.
A lie is an action by which one person misleads another person by doing so deliberately, without prior notice of his or her goals and without a clear request from the victim not to disclose the truth.
Paul Beckman argues that if a person is lying unintentionally, even though he is not telling the truth, he cannot be called a liar. The term lie according to this author includes not only distortion of the truth (reporting false information), but also silence about something material in this situation (concealment of the truth).
A lie is an intentional act. A person who does not report the truth by mistake does not lie. A woman who mistakenly believes she has been sexually abused as a child, and therefore has reported it to the police, reports false information, but she does not lie.
The statements of a man suffering from schizophrenia who considers himself Napoleon are not false. The fact that his statements were untrue in the words of O. Fry obviously, but he himself believes his stories and has no intention of deceiving others.
Types of lies.
1. Silence (concealment of truth).
2. Misrepresentation (reporting false information).
Silence or concealment of real information.
According to I. Vain, most people do not take this kind of lie for, directly, a lie. A person does not give out distorted information, but does not say the real one.
Distortion of real information.
И. Vain says that's what we're used to calling lies. When instead of real information we are presented with deception, pretending to be true, and thus misleading us.
