With the intensification of the capitalist exploitation of workers and the deepening of internal contradictions, Marx Engels proposed materialism and dialectics for the further creation of a materialist history and teachings of residual values in order to expose the nature of capitalism and resist oppression, creating the conditions for the creation of a scientific socialist theory. It is shown that Marxist philosophy developed under conditions of unfavorable position of the working class, and the specific social environment provided a reasonable center for the birth of Marxist philosophy, typical for hungry philosophy.
Philosophy of abundance In an era of abundance
When people solve basic problems of clothing and nutrition, the world of thought gets a lot of space for development, then the philosophical range of thinking of people is relatively large, includes many aspects, forms are more diverse. Aristotle's philosophical ideas have penetrated all spheres, and it is this development of the philosophy of diversity that we call "the philosophy of abundance". The so-called philosophy of plenty refers to the fact that, once the interests of life have been met, the world of thinking and consciousness has been enriched by careful observation of the relationship of the world with itself, in consciousness, spirit, nature and other areas of philosophy, resulting in a multiform philosophy.
Akwi, an outstanding theologian and philosopher of the Middle Ages, known for his book theological encyclopedia, is an important reflection of the philosophical features of this period.
Philosophical fundamental problems, also known as the fundamental problems of philosophy, the supreme problems of philosophy, relate to the problems of thinking and the relationship between existence, consciousness and matter. Engels first formulated this in his book Ludwig Verbahe and the End of Classical German Philosophy, written in 1886.
Criteria are proposed that allow us to identify two opposing philosophical systems, philosophical sects of materialism and mentalism and objectively assess their meaning.