Securities
Securities are one of the most promising trends in the evolution of credit money. In a textbook on economic theory, security is defined as "a monetary document that certifies a co-ownership or loan relationship between its owner and the issuer".
In other words, such a paper confirms some monetary investment in the development of the real sector of the economy, as well as the right to part of the property or to receive dividends from this investment. Securities are public and not, they can be sold and bought, and all the properties of the security, if not a registered document, are preserved for the new owner in full. There are different securities markets in which they rotate. Securities have their own exchange rate price, which often does not coincide with the nominal value. The exchange rate may rise or fall depending on the success of the sector of the economy in which the investments reflect the specific securities.
Securities include stocks, bonds, promissory notes or bank certificates. These documents can be used to pay for the supply of goods and services and to store them as a means of accumulation. Although the risk of depreciation of security is quite high, it is compensated by high-interest rates of its profitability.
A number of firms and companies have emerged, whose main work is to analyze the securities market, attract and invest the money of the population in securities. Despite the mentioned risk, it is one of the most popular directions of credit money evolution. Demanded by both depositors (investors) and intermediary firms, as well as issuers of securities.
Electronic money
Electronic or non-cash, virtual money is closely linked to bank deposits. The bank accounts in which the company's money is held are used in the most business to business transactions. In a developed market economy, even in retail trade, these bank deposits are used.
In the last few years, Russia's network economy, which covers electronic markets, has started to develop particularly rapidly. The reason for this is the arrival of the state in the sphere of electronic commerce. The first significant reference to the Internet appeared in Russian legislation in October 2000. And in April 2001, the website of the Ministry of Economic Development and Trade of the Russian Federation published a draft of the Federal Target Program "Electronic Russia (2002 - 2010)". In January 2002, the program was approved.
It fixes the goals to be achieved through the introduction of the national system of electronic public procurement:
1) Reduction of costs of public procurement of products;
2) increase of transparency and reduction of abuse of budget funds;
3) Acceleration of competitive bidding procedures;
4) Intensification of competition in the placement of public contracts;
5) Russia's gradual entry into the global e-commerce system.
According to the experts' forecasts, such a system will allow saving from 20 to 40 percent of the funds of the corresponding budgets allocated for the preparation and conduct of tenders and procurement. In the Appendix, one can get acquainted with the dynamics of the growth of the Russian e-commerce and public procurement market in 2003-2004 in more detail.
It is hoped that this system will prove its worth. It should also be noted that smaller, more flexible economic agents than the government have become more aware of the importance of the relationship between trade and the Internet. Already now it is possible to purchase a refrigerator, which, by connecting to the global network and using the parameters set by the owner, is able to independently purchase foodstuffs and monitor its own filling.
Facts like this have become a reality due to the simplicity of the management and development of the banking depository system.