If the blood biochemical index is normal, there is no need to avoid it.
Yang Yi, a nutritionist at Ma Rong Hospital, does not need to be too nervous to appease the patient. The vegetables are hot and stir-fried. Do not drink the soup to reduce the potassium intake. Two fruits a day, to avoid eating carambola because it contains a certain neurotoxin, it will cause uremia patients continue to snoring and other symptoms, serious convulsions, coma.
In addition, it is necessary to be careful about the potassium content in health foods and Chinese herbal medicines. Many patients dare not tell the dietitian what health food or Chinese medicine he is eating, but he has been worried about why the index does not come.
For kidney patients with high blood pressure or congestive heart disease, white vinegar can be used instead of black vinegar, and seasoning with spice can be used to reduce the amount of salt. However, the most important thing to avoid is to avoid using low sodium salt and thin salt soy sauce because these products Just replacing the "sodium" in the salt with "potassium", but it is self-defeating, causing the patient's blood potassium to be too high, which may cause arrhythmia or even death.
Basically, the intake of calcium, phosphorus, and potassium is contraindicated. It is to adjust the blood biochemical value of the patient and make individual adjustments. "As long as your potassium, phosphorus and calcium ion index are normal, it means that the current dietary content and frequency can also cause normal metabolism of the kidney. Can continue to maintain, do not care too much on the content of the health education leaflet," but Yang also reminded that the value must be checked regularly if there is a change, it is necessary to adjust the frequency and intake.
Low protein still wants to eat meat, eggs, beans
What is most troublesome for kidney patients is how to practice "low protein"? Many patients think that not eating meat and eggs is a low protein, which is a big mistake. Su Xiangwen, a nutritionist at the Taipei Medical University Hospital, explained that meat and eggs are a good source of protein. Under the control of protein, there should still be 1/2 to 2/3 of the high-quality protein (animal protein), and other milk and fish. Etc., because the human body uses high-value protein, it can reduce the production of nitrogen-containing waste and reduce the burden on the kidneys. On the contrary, it is a low-physiological use value such as pasta, red beans, mung beans, nuts, and gluten products.
In fact, the choice of staple food, winter powder, rice flour, and other protein content is less, can also be replaced.
There are also rumors that people with bad kidneys can't eat soy products. Studies have confirmed that this is a misconception. Su Xiangwen explained that the experiment was carried out with rats, but it was later found that the protein of soybean is different in the absorption and utilization of rats and the human body. Therefore, for the human body, soybean is a high physiological protein, so it is edible.
Especially for diabetic patients with kidney disease, the principle of low protein diet should pay more attention. The American Diabetes Association has revised the protein restriction of diabetes patients, suggesting that the source of protein heat is ≦20% than the total calories, to reduce the burden on the kidneys and reduce the chance of chronic kidney disease.
Shi Guangzhong especially reminded that the nutritional supplements often eaten by diabetes patients should be counted. Many patients neglected the protein content of nutrients. If they were consumed for a long time and exceeded the limit, the kidneys would soon be broken.
In addition, Su Xiangwen provides a small step. The health education leaflet will recommend that kidney patients take the right amount of calories, which can be mainly sugar and fat. However, diabetic patients with kidney disease must control the intake of total sugar. The sources of sugar include staple foods and vegetables. Fruits, and then control the protein according to the condition of the kidney disease. However, because of the need for heat, some low-protein starch snacks, drinks, such as gluten (gluten flour), cornflour, white powder, lotus root starch, winter powder, sago, rice flour, etc., or like a fairy Grass, love jade, etc. can be used to supplement calories. Of course, the sugar inside should be replaced with sugar substitutes or less soup.
Yang also explained that if the calories are too low, the body will begin to break down muscle protein, or it will produce nitrogenous waste and increase the burden on the kidneys.
The source of the protein is also important. Yang also mentioned that the phosphorus and potassium ions of milk are also high, and can be brewed with low-protein milk powder.
A study published in the American Journal of Kidney Diseases also suggests that eating at least two servings of fish per week may protect diabetic patients with kidney disease because of the omega-3 fatty acids in deep-sea fish. It has an anti-inflammatory function, which helps some proteinuria caused by nephritis. It can also increase glucose tolerance, reduce blood fat, and lower blood pressure. Fish is also a good source of protein. It can be said for diabetic patients and kidney patients. It is a good choice. "As long as your cooking method is simple, such as steaming or roasting, you can avoid high sodium," Yang added.
For kidney patients, low protein is the biggest dietary change, but as long as the principles are mastered, it is not difficult to implement.