Food management, science first
Diet is very important to children, and it is not difficult for parents to understand. In addition, parents need to understand that children's diet is different from that of adults, and has its own uniqueness, which is determined by its physiological characteristics. In this regard, nutritionist Liu Zheng has made a good summary of the physiological characteristics of primary school students and diet in the book "Guidelines for Nutrition of Primary and Secondary School Students", which is worthy of reference for parents.
Bone and Muscle: Primary school students have large bone elasticity and low hardness. With the increase of age, the calcium in the bone is continuously deposited, and the hardness of the bone is gradually increased. The lack of calcium supply in food during this period will affect bone maturity and body growth. Primary school students' muscle fibers are softer than adults, and there are more muscles in the muscles than adults. Therefore, energy storage is poor and physical strength is far less than that of adults.
Digestion: Children's esophagus is shorter and narrower than adults, the mucous membrane is tender, the wall is immature, and it is vulnerable to damage. The stomach and intestinal mucosa are rich in blood vessels, the stomach wall is thin, the elasticity is poor, and the gastric motility is weak. The number of gastric glands is small, the amount of digestive juice is less, and the acidity is low. Therefore, the ability to digest food is weak, and the stomach capacity is small. Digestive capacity gradually increases with age.
Immunity: The immune function of the human body is mainly determined by the number and activity of T cells in the gland called thymus. The immune function of primary school students is closely related to nutritional status. When there is a lack of protein in the diet, the thymus volume becomes smaller, the weight is reduced, the number of T cells is nourished, and the ability of phagocytic cells to kill bacteria is reduced, resulting in low immune function, and children are prone to acute infectious diseases.
Heart: Children's myocardial fibers are weak, the heart muscle layer is thin, but the body metabolism is relatively stronger than adults, so the heartbeat is faster than adults.
Breathing: Children's lungs and trachea are delicate and vulnerable to pathogenic microorganisms, so they often suffer from colds and respiratory infections.
Excretion: Children's renal function is not well developed, and the ability to concentrate and dilute urine is much weaker than that of adults, so it is not advisable to eat too much salty food. The bladder wall is thin, the urine storage machine is poor, and the number of urination is high.
These characteristics determine that the child's diet should be different from the adult diet. For example, the child's metabolism is faster than that of the adult, so the nutrients needed will be more, but because the child's stomach capacity is small, it is necessary to give the child a proper meal, such as sleeping every night. It is good practice to drink a glass of milk and eat a little snack in the previous hour.
Parents must take into account the characteristics of the child when arranging the child's diet. Only in this way will you be able to think about your child in order to avoid the mistakes you take, and to arrange your child's diet scientifically. Pleasant environment, good food.
The child's eating habits are highly malleable and the child is also susceptible to infection. Therefore, a good family environment that is conducive to food management is very important.
In the creation of the family environment, the role of the role model of parents plays a crucial role. If the parents' eating habits are scientific and healthy, then the child will be invisible, and naturally, form a good eating habit.
Parents and children can also take care of the rules about diet and knowledge about nutrition in an interesting form. Here are some good practices:
On the refrigerator door, post a poster about a balanced diet.
Post some knowledge about child nutrition on the walls of the restaurant and update it regularly.
Put the weekly recipes in a prominent position in the kitchen.
Parents can also decorate the restaurant with their children to make the children feel very warm.
Create a good dining atmosphere for your children while dining:
Don't read a book or watch TV while eating.
Don't talk too complicated or disappointing when you eat, don't argue, debate or complain.
Criticize and accuse the child when not eating.
When you eat, have a pleasant conversation, talk about some happy things, recall the pleasant experiences of the day, and enjoy the feeling of companionship.
Play soothing music, which helps to relax and create a warm atmosphere.
Parents are good examples
Human habits are not born, they are formed and developed by the influence of family and social environment. Parents undoubtedly play the most important role in the formation of healthy eating habits. Parental food selection, preparation and provision affect the child's dietary preferences and nutritional intake. Food preferences are often formed during childhood, and people usually like the foods they often touch.
Parental dietary concepts and eating behaviors have a direct impact on children's perceptions and behaviors. Parental eating behavior is the most frequent and direct imitation of children. It is one thing to tell your child to eat something nutritious. It is another thing to give them a demonstration. There is a father who loves to read newspapers or watch TV while eating, and there is likely to be a child who is equally careless about eating.
Therefore, in order for the child's diet to be healthy, parents must first set an example.
