About feeding
The last recommendations are as follows: up to 5 months to feed the child should only breast milk. It is appropriate to emphasize that only by the end of the XX century pediatricians of all countries finally unanimously recognized that breast milk is the best food for the newborn. Only with him does the baby get all the necessary food elements for growth and development, it also protects him from disease, helps to form immunity, the digestive system and other systems. From this follows the following:
If a woman has mastitis or acute respiratory infections, she should not stop feeding;
In case of lactation crisis (little milk) it is necessary not to give the child a mixture, but more often to offer him/her breasts;
Hypogalactia in the mother is due to the fact that the baby was incorrectly placed on the breast immediately after its birth.
This is a radically different approach to the problems of natural feeding.
How can a child sleep?
Thanks to the healthy conservatism of domestic pediatricians, the discussion of the child's situation during sleep, which is so active all over the world, almost did not touch Belarus. The opinion of foreign pediatricians, according to which it is better to put the baby on the stomach while sleeping, has not been introduced in our school for the care of newborn and infant. As it would seem, it is obvious! When a child is placed on the abdomen in case of vomiting, milk does not flow into the bronchi, you can easily massage the baby's back, etc. And few people assumed that bedding (pillows, featherbeds, blankets) can be dangerous in this position. The result: infant mortality has increased dramatically. The slogan: "Only on the back!" was revived after publication in 1991. In the English medical journal "The Lancet" the results of research that proved the safety of a child's sleep on the back. When, finally, babies began to sleep on their backs again, in 10 years only in France the number of sudden infant deaths decreased by 75℅
Visual reactions
By the end of the first month of life, the newborn had already begun to develop gaze fixation and the ability to track the moving object, but the movements of the eyeballs were not always consistent, and there was occasionally converging strabismus. At two or three months, a healthy child's vision function is significantly improved. Eye movements are synchronized, the converging strabismus appears less and less often - only when the subject is considered very closely. Asymmetrical strabismus (sometimes converging, sometimes diverging), persistent converging strabismus, as well as the lack of long-term fixation of the gaze on the object, noted in the baby - a reason for a visit to the ophthalmologist. The spectrum of visual reactions of the baby expands - it is already beginning to actively look for the object of interest to him with his eyes, fix the look on it, and at the same time turns his head in his direction. In three months, the baby focuses on the subject up to 7-10 minutes, looking at it. His attention is still attracted by the yellow and green colors. When he cries, he can already be calmed down with a toy. Another important visual function is formed: at two or two and a half months the child starts to fix his eyes and look at objects in an upright position. Develop this skill: when communicating, keep it on your hands in an upright position!
Auditory reactions
At the age of one and a half to three months your baby starts to identify the localization of sound in space, looking for its source. Even when lying on your back and not seeing you, he turns his head and eyes to the source of sound when you talk to him or turn on the music. Work out a similar reaction to a sounding toy. By the time he or she's three months old, he or she can quickly find the source of sound, even in an upright position. The baby cries - talk to him, warm up the toy, and you will notice that he seems to stop crying. When the sounds are abrupt, the child flinches, stops, or maybe cries.
Pacifier as an image of the public consciousness
Discussions that arise from time to time in medicine have not spared the pacifier. There was a time when a child was given a bread crumb wrapped in a rag and moistened with poppy syrup. Today, sucking on empty nipples is considered to be the baby's "physiological" needs, but she still has both opponents and defenders. For a long time, leading European doctors accused the nipple of deforming the position of the teeth, called it one of the reasons for the appearance of aerophagy (air in the stomach) in the child, said that it brings in the baby's mouth germs, gives the child a stupid look and looks like a "plug". Against the background of the fight against the pacifier there was another extreme: they began to say that children should not be kissed. In England, in the early twentieth century, the Kiss Me not league was established to fight for an end to parental kissing. But today, however, we are more or less reconciled with the pacifier and the kisses.